Question 630
While troubleshooting SR transit MTU planning at Kestrel Broadband, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: path packets reach the egress without fragmentation or drop due to encapsulation. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- One domain's SID is forwarded unchanged into a device that cannot interpret it.
- Customer payload MTU is kept at the link maximum with no header allowance.
- Low-priority LSPs consume all reservable capacity while urgent LSPs cannot signal.
- The peer attempts a transport address with no route back into the IGP.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The suspected defect directly frustrates SR transit MTU planning: customer payload MTU is kept at the link maximum with no header allowance. Correcting it should allow verification that path packets reach the egress without fragmentation or drop due to encapsulation.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to SRv6 interworking gateway, where the affected outcome is to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SR transit MTU planning design in this case: customer payload MTU is kept at the link maximum with no header allowance.
C:This defect belongs to MPLS-TE preemption priority, where the affected outcome is to allow higher-priority reservation requests to displace lower-priority capacity commitments. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SR transit MTU planning design in this case: customer payload MTU is kept at the link maximum with no header allowance.
D:This defect belongs to LDP router ID transport stability, where the affected outcome is to keep an LDP session bound to a stable routable label-switching router identity. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SR transit MTU planning design in this case: customer payload MTU is kept at the link maximum with no header allowance.
Question 631
Summit Service Provider must carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- SRv6 micro SID compression
- LDP address family transport
- SRv6 interworking gateway
- PHP penultimate hop behavior
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:SRv6 interworking gateway matches this requirement: the team should deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings. A relevant outcome would be that traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
Incorrect Answers
A:SRv6 micro SID compression instead addresses a different condition: reduce IPv6 segment-list header overhead on a compatible SRv6 domain. It would instead require you to use supported micro-segment locator and processing behavior, not the stated goal to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain.
B:LDP address family transport instead addresses a different condition: carry the intended labeled IPv4 transport prefixes consistently across a provider core. It would instead require you to enable the supported address-family LDP capability on participating routers, not the stated goal to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain.
D:PHP penultimate hop behavior instead addresses a different condition: avoid unnecessary label lookup at the final transport destination. It would instead require you to use the intended implicit-null or penultimate-hop-pop transport behavior, not the stated goal to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain.
Question 632
At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for SRv6 interworking gateway. The specific goal is to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Use supported micro-segment locator and processing behavior.
- Enable the supported address-family LDP capability on participating routers.
- Use the intended implicit-null or penultimate-hop-pop transport behavior.
- Deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Implementing SRv6 interworking gateway requires the operator to deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for SRv6 micro SID compression, whose purpose is to reduce IPv6 segment-list header overhead on a compatible SRv6 domain. It would not perform the necessary SRv6 interworking gateway operation: deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings.
B:The proposed step is for LDP address family transport, whose purpose is to carry the intended labeled IPv4 transport prefixes consistently across a provider core. It would not perform the necessary SRv6 interworking gateway operation: deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings.
C:The proposed step is for PHP penultimate hop behavior, whose purpose is to avoid unnecessary label lookup at the final transport destination. It would not perform the necessary SRv6 interworking gateway operation: deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings.
Question 633
Lakeside Transport has deployed SRv6 interworking gateway to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain. The implementation step was to deploy an interworking PE or gateway with explicit service and forwarding mappings. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- Traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
- Compact microsegment instructions traverse the programmed node path correctly.
- LDP neighbors and FEC bindings appear for the selected address family.
- The penultimate LSR removes the appropriate label before final egress processing.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:For SRv6 interworking gateway, successful verification means that traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
B:The observation would verify SRv6 micro SID compression under the separate requirement to reduce IPv6 segment-list header overhead on a compatible SRv6 domain. It does not demonstrate the needed SRv6 interworking gateway result: traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
C:The observation would verify LDP address family transport under the separate requirement to carry the intended labeled IPv4 transport prefixes consistently across a provider core. It does not demonstrate the needed SRv6 interworking gateway result: traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
D:The observation would verify PHP penultimate hop behavior under the separate requirement to avoid unnecessary label lookup at the final transport destination. It does not demonstrate the needed SRv6 interworking gateway result: traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
Question 634
While troubleshooting SRv6 interworking gateway at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- A conventional uncompressed SID chain is assumed to provide micro-SID size benefit.
- One domain's SID is forwarded unchanged into a device that cannot interpret it.
- An IPv6-only label session is expected to install IPv4 FEC bindings without support.
- The egress is assumed to always receive the same full transport-label stack.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The suspected defect directly frustrates SRv6 interworking gateway: one domain's SID is forwarded unchanged into a device that cannot interpret it. Correcting it should allow verification that traffic crosses domains while customer route and isolation semantics remain correct.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to SRv6 micro SID compression, where the affected outcome is to reduce IPv6 segment-list header overhead on a compatible SRv6 domain. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SRv6 interworking gateway design in this case: one domain's SID is forwarded unchanged into a device that cannot interpret it.
C:This defect belongs to LDP address family transport, where the affected outcome is to carry the intended labeled IPv4 transport prefixes consistently across a provider core. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SRv6 interworking gateway design in this case: one domain's SID is forwarded unchanged into a device that cannot interpret it.
D:This defect belongs to PHP penultimate hop behavior, where the affected outcome is to avoid unnecessary label lookup at the final transport destination. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SRv6 interworking gateway design in this case: one domain's SID is forwarded unchanged into a device that cannot interpret it.
Question 635
Horizon Exchange must avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- node prefix SID forwarding
- RSVP TE explicit path
- PCE stale topology risk
- LDP hello discovery timer resilience
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:PCE stale topology risk matches this requirement: the team should synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation. A relevant outcome would be that new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
Incorrect Answers
A:node prefix SID forwarding instead addresses a different condition: steer a segment-routed packet to a particular node along its IGP shortest path. It would instead require you to use the node's advertised prefix SID in the appropriate segment list, not the stated goal to avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state.
B:RSVP TE explicit path instead addresses a different condition: steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It would instead require you to configure an RSVP-TE tunnel with a suitable explicit-route object, not the stated goal to avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state.
D:LDP hello discovery timer resilience instead addresses a different condition: keep an LDP link adjacency stable through brief congestion without hiding real forwarding loss. It would instead require you to coordinate supported LDP hello interval and discovery holdtime settings on both core neighbors, not the stated goal to avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state.
Question 636
At Cedar Wireless, the engineering change is approved for PCE stale topology risk. The specific goal is to avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Use the node's advertised prefix SID in the appropriate segment list.
- Configure an RSVP-TE tunnel with a suitable explicit-route object.
- Coordinate supported LDP hello interval and discovery holdtime settings on both core neighbors.
- Synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Implementing PCE stale topology risk requires the operator to synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for node prefix SID forwarding, whose purpose is to steer a segment-routed packet to a particular node along its IGP shortest path. It would not perform the necessary PCE stale topology risk operation: synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation.
B:The proposed step is for RSVP TE explicit path, whose purpose is to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It would not perform the necessary PCE stale topology risk operation: synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation.
C:The proposed step is for LDP hello discovery timer resilience, whose purpose is to keep an LDP link adjacency stable through brief congestion without hiding real forwarding loss. It would not perform the necessary PCE stale topology risk operation: synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation.
Question 637
Willow Regional has deployed PCE stale topology risk to avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state. The implementation step was to synchronize PCE topology and performance feeds before delegated path calculation. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- New paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
- The packet reaches the node according to the node-SID shortest-path behavior.
- The established tunnel follows listed hops and reserves the requested resources.
- LDP discovery remains stable through transient hello jitter and times out after a sustained failure.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:For PCE stale topology risk, successful verification means that new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can avoid calculating SR-TE paths from outdated connectivity or bandwidth state after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
B:The observation would verify node prefix SID forwarding under the separate requirement to steer a segment-routed packet to a particular node along its IGP shortest path. It does not demonstrate the needed PCE stale topology risk result: new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
C:The observation would verify RSVP TE explicit path under the separate requirement to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It does not demonstrate the needed PCE stale topology risk result: new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
D:The observation would verify LDP hello discovery timer resilience under the separate requirement to keep an LDP link adjacency stable through brief congestion without hiding real forwarding loss. It does not demonstrate the needed PCE stale topology risk result: new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
Question 638
While troubleshooting PCE stale topology risk at Atlas Backbone, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- An adjacency SID is chosen expecting globally shortest-path node reachability.
- PCE keeps selecting failed links because topology notification stopped.
- An ordinary LDP LSP follows IGP SPF instead of the required explicit path.
- The discovery holdtime expires between expected valid LDP hello packets.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The suspected defect directly frustrates PCE stale topology risk: PCE keeps selecting failed links because topology notification stopped. Correcting it should allow verification that new paths reflect current links and constraints rather than a stale graph.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to node prefix SID forwarding, where the affected outcome is to steer a segment-routed packet to a particular node along its IGP shortest path. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the PCE stale topology risk design in this case: PCE keeps selecting failed links because topology notification stopped.
C:This defect belongs to RSVP TE explicit path, where the affected outcome is to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the PCE stale topology risk design in this case: PCE keeps selecting failed links because topology notification stopped.
D:This defect belongs to LDP hello discovery timer resilience, where the affected outcome is to keep an LDP link adjacency stable through brief congestion without hiding real forwarding loss. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the PCE stale topology risk design in this case: PCE keeps selecting failed links because topology notification stopped.
Question 639
Northstar Carrier must confirm that an SR policy actually follows an intended programmed forwarding path. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- Flex Algorithm affinity exclusion
- LDP directly connected hello discovery
- SR OAM path verification
- SRLG diverse recovery
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:SR OAM path verification matches this requirement: the team should run supported segment-routing OAM or policy traceroute verification. A relevant outcome would be that the probe follows the active SID list and identifies the failing segment if any.
Incorrect Answers
A:Flex Algorithm affinity exclusion instead addresses a different condition: exclude links carrying a forbidden administrative affinity from one SR shortest-path computation. It would instead require you to define the Flex Algorithm affinity constraint consistently on participants, not the stated goal to confirm that an SR policy actually follows an intended programmed forwarding path.
B:LDP directly connected hello discovery instead addresses a different condition: form LDP adjacency on a provider core link carrying labeled traffic. It would instead require you to enable compatible LDP link discovery on both facing interfaces, not the stated goal to confirm that an SR policy actually follows an intended programmed forwarding path.
D:SRLG diverse recovery instead addresses a different condition: avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk. It would instead require you to define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation, not the stated goal to confirm that an SR policy actually follows an intended programmed forwarding path.
Question 640
At Orion Transit, the engineering change is approved for SR OAM path verification. The specific goal is to confirm that an SR policy actually follows an intended programmed forwarding path. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Define the Flex Algorithm affinity constraint consistently on participants.
- Enable compatible LDP link discovery on both facing interfaces.
- Define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation.
- Run supported segment-routing OAM or policy traceroute verification.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Implementing SR OAM path verification requires the operator to run supported segment-routing OAM or policy traceroute verification. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the probe follows the active SID list and identifies the failing segment if any.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for Flex Algorithm affinity exclusion, whose purpose is to exclude links carrying a forbidden administrative affinity from one SR shortest-path computation. It would not perform the necessary SR OAM path verification operation: run supported segment-routing OAM or policy traceroute verification.
B:The proposed step is for LDP directly connected hello discovery, whose purpose is to form LDP adjacency on a provider core link carrying labeled traffic. It would not perform the necessary SR OAM path verification operation: run supported segment-routing OAM or policy traceroute verification.
C:The proposed step is for SRLG diverse recovery, whose purpose is to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk. It would not perform the necessary SR OAM path verification operation: run supported segment-routing OAM or policy traceroute verification.
Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests