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Cisco 350-501 Practice Test 45

Question 440

After Harbor Metro deploys graceful restart helper coordination to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding, the primary acceptance check passes (peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. A surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity.
  2. Level-1 routing alone does not distribute routes between separate areas.
  3. Multitopology requires consistent capabilities on intended neighbors.
  4. Retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The relevant boundary of graceful restart helper coordination is that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This concern applies to link aggregation member continuity in a different scenario where operators need to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. For the deployed graceful restart helper coordination approach, the relevant caution is instead that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.

B:

This concern applies to IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability in a different scenario where operators need to keep IS-IS routes within an area while preserving local Level-1 forwarding. For the deployed graceful restart helper coordination approach, the relevant caution is instead that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.

C:

This concern applies to IS-IS IPv6 multitopology in a different scenario where operators need to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. For the deployed graceful restart helper coordination approach, the relevant caution is instead that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.

Question 441

Summit Service Provider must provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?

  1. BFD cross-protocol fast detection
  2. BFD rapid peer failure detection
  3. OSPF stub area constraint
  4. OSPF passive customer subnet

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

BFD cross-protocol fast detection matches this requirement: the team should establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them. A relevant outcome would be that a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.

Incorrect Answers

B:

BFD rapid peer failure detection instead addresses a different condition: detect forwarding failure more rapidly than ordinary routing hello timers. It would instead require you to bind supported BFD sessions to the appropriate routing neighbor, not the stated goal to provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols.

C:

OSPF stub area constraint instead addresses a different condition: limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It would instead require you to configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area, not the stated goal to provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols.

D:

OSPF passive customer subnet instead addresses a different condition: advertise an access subnet without accepting routing hellos from its subscribers. It would instead require you to configure the access interface as OSPF passive where appropriate, not the stated goal to provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols.

Question 442

At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for BFD cross-protocol fast detection. The specific goal is to provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?

  1. Bind supported BFD sessions to the appropriate routing neighbor.
  2. Establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them.
  3. Configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area.
  4. Configure the access interface as OSPF passive where appropriate.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Implementing BFD cross-protocol fast detection requires the operator to establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed step is for BFD rapid peer failure detection, whose purpose is to detect forwarding failure more rapidly than ordinary routing hello timers. It would not perform the necessary BFD cross-protocol fast detection operation: establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them.

C:

The proposed step is for OSPF stub area constraint, whose purpose is to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It would not perform the necessary BFD cross-protocol fast detection operation: establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them.

D:

The proposed step is for OSPF passive customer subnet, whose purpose is to advertise an access subnet without accepting routing hellos from its subscribers. It would not perform the necessary BFD cross-protocol fast detection operation: establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them.

Question 443

Lakeside Transport has deployed BFD cross-protocol fast detection to provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols. The implementation step was to establish BFD sessions and bind the required routing clients to them. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?

  1. The BFD session tracks reachability and signals a failure promptly.
  2. The stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
  3. A forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.
  4. The subnet is advertised but no OSPF customer adjacency forms.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

For BFD cross-protocol fast detection, successful verification means that a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The observation would verify BFD rapid peer failure detection under the separate requirement to detect forwarding failure more rapidly than ordinary routing hello timers. It does not demonstrate the needed BFD cross-protocol fast detection result: a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.

B:

The observation would verify OSPF stub area constraint under the separate requirement to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It does not demonstrate the needed BFD cross-protocol fast detection result: a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.

D:

The observation would verify OSPF passive customer subnet under the separate requirement to advertise an access subnet without accepting routing hellos from its subscribers. It does not demonstrate the needed BFD cross-protocol fast detection result: a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.

Question 444

While troubleshooting BFD cross-protocol fast detection at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?

  1. BGP keepalive timers alone are expected to detect subsecond forwarding loss.
  2. One neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails.
  3. The access interface actively peers with an unauthorized CE router.
  4. Interface counters are polled slowly while adjacency failover requires rapid detection.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The suspected defect directly frustrates BFD cross-protocol fast detection: interface counters are polled slowly while adjacency failover requires rapid detection. Correcting it should allow verification that a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This defect belongs to BFD rapid peer failure detection, where the affected outcome is to detect forwarding failure more rapidly than ordinary routing hello timers. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BFD cross-protocol fast detection design in this case: interface counters are polled slowly while adjacency failover requires rapid detection.

B:

This defect belongs to OSPF stub area constraint, where the affected outcome is to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BFD cross-protocol fast detection design in this case: interface counters are polled slowly while adjacency failover requires rapid detection.

C:

This defect belongs to OSPF passive customer subnet, where the affected outcome is to advertise an access subnet without accepting routing hellos from its subscribers. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BFD cross-protocol fast detection design in this case: interface counters are polled slowly while adjacency failover requires rapid detection.

Question 445

After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys BFD cross-protocol fast detection to provide a common rapid link-failure signal to multiple supported routing protocols, the primary acceptance check passes (a forwarding loss transitions BFD Down and triggers the enrolled protocols). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. BFD failure thresholds must be tuned to avoid flapping.
  2. Overly short timers can increase false alarms on busy devices.
  3. A stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
  4. A core-facing interface must not be made passive by mistake.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The relevant boundary of BFD cross-protocol fast detection is that BFD failure thresholds must be tuned to avoid flapping. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This concern applies to BFD rapid peer failure detection in a different scenario where operators need to detect forwarding failure more rapidly than ordinary routing hello timers. For the deployed BFD cross-protocol fast detection approach, the relevant caution is instead that BFD failure thresholds must be tuned to avoid flapping.

C:

This concern applies to OSPF stub area constraint in a different scenario where operators need to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. For the deployed BFD cross-protocol fast detection approach, the relevant caution is instead that BFD failure thresholds must be tuned to avoid flapping.

D:

This concern applies to OSPF passive customer subnet in a different scenario where operators need to advertise an access subnet without accepting routing hellos from its subscribers. For the deployed BFD cross-protocol fast detection approach, the relevant caution is instead that BFD failure thresholds must be tuned to avoid flapping.

Question 446

Horizon Exchange must retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?

  1. NSR control-plane failover
  2. link aggregation member continuity
  3. BGP prefix filtering
  4. BGP neighbor TCP authentication

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

link aggregation member continuity matches this requirement: the team should build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy. A relevant outcome would be that bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

Incorrect Answers

A:

NSR control-plane failover instead addresses a different condition: preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. It would instead require you to enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances, not the stated goal to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails.

C:

BGP prefix filtering instead addresses a different condition: stop a customer's accidental broad route advertisement at the provider ingress. It would instead require you to attach a prefix-set based inbound routing policy with exact allowed subnets, not the stated goal to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails.

D:

BGP neighbor TCP authentication instead addresses a different condition: ensure an external BGP session establishes only with peers possessing the agreed session authentication material. It would instead require you to configure supported matching BGP neighbor TCP authentication credentials at both peers, not the stated goal to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails.

Question 447

At Cedar Wireless, the engineering change is approved for link aggregation member continuity. The specific goal is to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?

  1. Enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances.
  2. Attach a prefix-set based inbound routing policy with exact allowed subnets.
  3. Build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy.
  4. Configure supported matching BGP neighbor TCP authentication credentials at both peers.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Implementing link aggregation member continuity requires the operator to build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed step is for NSR control-plane failover, whose purpose is to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. It would not perform the necessary link aggregation member continuity operation: build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy.

B:

The proposed step is for BGP prefix filtering, whose purpose is to stop a customer's accidental broad route advertisement at the provider ingress. It would not perform the necessary link aggregation member continuity operation: build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy.

D:

The proposed step is for BGP neighbor TCP authentication, whose purpose is to ensure an external BGP session establishes only with peers possessing the agreed session authentication material. It would not perform the necessary link aggregation member continuity operation: build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy.

Question 448

Willow Regional has deployed link aggregation member continuity to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. The implementation step was to build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?

  1. Adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
  2. Only customer-authorized NLRI appear in the accepted BGP table.
  3. The BGP neighbor reaches Established only when peers use matching authentication keys.
  4. Bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

For link aggregation member continuity, successful verification means that bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The observation would verify NSR control-plane failover under the separate requirement to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. It does not demonstrate the needed link aggregation member continuity result: bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

B:

The observation would verify BGP prefix filtering under the separate requirement to stop a customer's accidental broad route advertisement at the provider ingress. It does not demonstrate the needed link aggregation member continuity result: bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

C:

The observation would verify BGP neighbor TCP authentication under the separate requirement to ensure an external BGP session establishes only with peers possessing the agreed session authentication material. It does not demonstrate the needed link aggregation member continuity result: bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

Question 449

While troubleshooting link aggregation member continuity at Atlas Backbone, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?

  1. Individual ports are treated as independent L3 adjacencies despite one logical bundle.
  2. Only BGP graceful restart is configured and assumed identical to NSR.
  3. A matching outbound policy is applied instead of filtering received routes.
  4. The BGP TCP session never establishes because neighbor authentication keys differ.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The suspected defect directly frustrates link aggregation member continuity: individual ports are treated as independent L3 adjacencies despite one logical bundle. Correcting it should allow verification that bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This defect belongs to NSR control-plane failover, where the affected outcome is to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the link aggregation member continuity design in this case: individual ports are treated as independent L3 adjacencies despite one logical bundle.

C:

This defect belongs to BGP prefix filtering, where the affected outcome is to stop a customer's accidental broad route advertisement at the provider ingress. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the link aggregation member continuity design in this case: individual ports are treated as independent L3 adjacencies despite one logical bundle.

D:

This defect belongs to BGP neighbor TCP authentication, where the affected outcome is to ensure an external BGP session establishes only with peers possessing the agreed session authentication material. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the link aggregation member continuity design in this case: individual ports are treated as independent L3 adjacencies despite one logical bundle.

Question 450

After Starlight IP Services deploys link aggregation member continuity to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails, the primary acceptance check passes (bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support.
  2. A surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity.
  3. Prefix-set maintenance must track legitimate customer expansion.
  4. Key rotation and credential synchronization must avoid unexpected peering outages.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The relevant boundary of link aggregation member continuity is that a surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This concern applies to NSR control-plane failover in a different scenario where operators need to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. For the deployed link aggregation member continuity approach, the relevant caution is instead that a surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity.

C:

This concern applies to BGP prefix filtering in a different scenario where operators need to stop a customer's accidental broad route advertisement at the provider ingress. For the deployed link aggregation member continuity approach, the relevant caution is instead that a surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity.

D:

This concern applies to BGP neighbor TCP authentication in a different scenario where operators need to ensure an external BGP session establishes only with peers possessing the agreed session authentication material. For the deployed link aggregation member continuity approach, the relevant caution is instead that a surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity.


Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests

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