Question 430
After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys DS-Lite IPv4 transport over IPv6 to carry a subscriber IPv4 service over an IPv6-only access network, the primary acceptance check passes (IPv4 applications work through the IPv6 access link and AFTR service). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- NAT state and port exhaustion can restrict subscriber scale.
- AFTR placement and tunnel MTU can affect performance.
- Policy ordering should be tested with representative matched and unmatched routes.
- EBGP policy and prefix filtering are still required after peering forms.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The relevant boundary of DS-Lite IPv4 transport over IPv6 is that AFTR placement and tunnel MTU can affect performance. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to CGNAT address sharing logging in a different scenario where operators need to serve multiple IPv4 subscribers from shared public address resources. For the deployed DS-Lite IPv4 transport over IPv6 approach, the relevant caution is instead that AFTR placement and tunnel MTU can affect performance.
C:This concern applies to RPL route policy execution order in a different scenario where operators need to apply an explicit route reject before a broad default permit condition. For the deployed DS-Lite IPv4 transport over IPv6 approach, the relevant caution is instead that AFTR placement and tunnel MTU can affect performance.
D:This concern applies to BGP remote AS alignment in a different scenario where operators need to form an external BGP peering between provider and customer autonomous systems. For the deployed DS-Lite IPv4 transport over IPv6 approach, the relevant caution is instead that AFTR placement and tunnel MTU can affect performance.
Question 431
Horizon Exchange must preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- graceful restart helper coordination
- OSPF stub area constraint
- NSR control-plane failover
- BGP route reflection loop prevention
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:NSR control-plane failover matches this requirement: the team should enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances. A relevant outcome would be that adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
Incorrect Answers
A:graceful restart helper coordination instead addresses a different condition: allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It would instead require you to configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers, not the stated goal to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover.
B:OSPF stub area constraint instead addresses a different condition: limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It would instead require you to configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area, not the stated goal to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover.
D:BGP route reflection loop prevention instead addresses a different condition: stop reflected paths from looping among route reflectors. It would instead require you to use correct originator-ID and cluster-list behavior for the reflector design, not the stated goal to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover.
Question 432
At Cedar Wireless, the engineering change is approved for NSR control-plane failover. The specific goal is to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers.
- Configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area.
- Use correct originator-ID and cluster-list behavior for the reflector design.
- Enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Implementing NSR control-plane failover requires the operator to enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for graceful restart helper coordination, whose purpose is to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It would not perform the necessary NSR control-plane failover operation: enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances.
B:The proposed step is for OSPF stub area constraint, whose purpose is to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It would not perform the necessary NSR control-plane failover operation: enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances.
C:The proposed step is for BGP route reflection loop prevention, whose purpose is to stop reflected paths from looping among route reflectors. It would not perform the necessary NSR control-plane failover operation: enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances.
Question 433
Willow Regional has deployed NSR control-plane failover to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. The implementation step was to enable and verify nonstop routing on eligible platform and protocol instances. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- Adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
- Peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
- The stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
- Paths with the local originator or reflector cluster are rejected as appropriate.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:For NSR control-plane failover, successful verification means that adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
B:The observation would verify graceful restart helper coordination under the separate requirement to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It does not demonstrate the needed NSR control-plane failover result: adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
C:The observation would verify OSPF stub area constraint under the separate requirement to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It does not demonstrate the needed NSR control-plane failover result: adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
D:The observation would verify BGP route reflection loop prevention under the separate requirement to stop reflected paths from looping among route reflectors. It does not demonstrate the needed NSR control-plane failover result: adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
Question 434
While troubleshooting NSR control-plane failover at Atlas Backbone, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- A stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires.
- Only BGP graceful restart is configured and assumed identical to NSR.
- One neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails.
- Route-reflector clients are chained without preserving loop-control attributes.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The suspected defect directly frustrates NSR control-plane failover: only BGP graceful restart is configured and assumed identical to NSR. Correcting it should allow verification that adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to graceful restart helper coordination, where the affected outcome is to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the NSR control-plane failover design in this case: only BGP graceful restart is configured and assumed identical to NSR.
C:This defect belongs to OSPF stub area constraint, where the affected outcome is to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the NSR control-plane failover design in this case: only BGP graceful restart is configured and assumed identical to NSR.
D:This defect belongs to BGP route reflection loop prevention, where the affected outcome is to stop reflected paths from looping among route reflectors. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the NSR control-plane failover design in this case: only BGP graceful restart is configured and assumed identical to NSR.
Question 435
After Starlight IP Services deploys NSR control-plane failover to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover, the primary acceptance check passes (adjacencies and route state survive a planned RP switchover without full reconvergence). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- Retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.
- A stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
- NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support.
- Badly designed reflector clusters can hide alternative routes.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The relevant boundary of NSR control-plane failover is that NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to graceful restart helper coordination in a different scenario where operators need to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. For the deployed NSR control-plane failover approach, the relevant caution is instead that NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support.
B:This concern applies to OSPF stub area constraint in a different scenario where operators need to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. For the deployed NSR control-plane failover approach, the relevant caution is instead that NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support.
D:This concern applies to BGP route reflection loop prevention in a different scenario where operators need to stop reflected paths from looping among route reflectors. For the deployed NSR control-plane failover approach, the relevant caution is instead that NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support.
Question 436
Northstar Carrier must allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- link aggregation member continuity
- IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability
- IS-IS IPv6 multitopology
- graceful restart helper coordination
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:graceful restart helper coordination matches this requirement: the team should configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers. A relevant outcome would be that peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
Incorrect Answers
A:link aggregation member continuity instead addresses a different condition: retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. It would instead require you to build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy, not the stated goal to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding.
B:IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability instead addresses a different condition: keep IS-IS routes within an area while preserving local Level-1 forwarding. It would instead require you to configure Level-1 operation and matching area identifiers for those routers, not the stated goal to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding.
C:IS-IS IPv6 multitopology instead addresses a different condition: advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It would instead require you to enable the supported multitopology IS-IS IPv6 address-family behavior, not the stated goal to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding.
Question 437
At Orion Transit, the engineering change is approved for graceful restart helper coordination. The specific goal is to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers.
- Build a link bundle with compatible member settings and minimum-active policy.
- Configure Level-1 operation and matching area identifiers for those routers.
- Enable the supported multitopology IS-IS IPv6 address-family behavior.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Implementing graceful restart helper coordination requires the operator to configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
Incorrect Answers
B:The proposed step is for link aggregation member continuity, whose purpose is to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. It would not perform the necessary graceful restart helper coordination operation: configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers.
C:The proposed step is for IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability, whose purpose is to keep IS-IS routes within an area while preserving local Level-1 forwarding. It would not perform the necessary graceful restart helper coordination operation: configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers.
D:The proposed step is for IS-IS IPv6 multitopology, whose purpose is to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It would not perform the necessary graceful restart helper coordination operation: configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers.
Question 438
Meridian Networks has deployed graceful restart helper coordination to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. The implementation step was to configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- Bundle remains operational and distributes traffic over surviving members.
- Peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
- A Level-1 adjacency establishes and local-area prefixes are present.
- IPv6 SPF sees its own valid link participation and reachability.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:For graceful restart helper coordination, successful verification means that peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
A:The observation would verify link aggregation member continuity under the separate requirement to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. It does not demonstrate the needed graceful restart helper coordination result: peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
C:The observation would verify IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability under the separate requirement to keep IS-IS routes within an area while preserving local Level-1 forwarding. It does not demonstrate the needed graceful restart helper coordination result: peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
D:The observation would verify IS-IS IPv6 multitopology under the separate requirement to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It does not demonstrate the needed graceful restart helper coordination result: peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
Question 439
While troubleshooting graceful restart helper coordination at Kestrel Broadband, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- Individual ports are treated as independent L3 adjacencies despite one logical bundle.
- The devices use different IS-IS areas and no local L1 adjacency forms.
- A stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires.
- Single-topology IPv6 is forced through a link lacking IPv6 support.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The suspected defect directly frustrates graceful restart helper coordination: a stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires. Correcting it should allow verification that peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to link aggregation member continuity, where the affected outcome is to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the graceful restart helper coordination design in this case: a stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires.
B:This defect belongs to IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability, where the affected outcome is to keep IS-IS routes within an area while preserving local Level-1 forwarding. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the graceful restart helper coordination design in this case: a stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires.
D:This defect belongs to IS-IS IPv6 multitopology, where the affected outcome is to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the graceful restart helper coordination design in this case: a stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires.
Question 440
After Harbor Metro deploys graceful restart helper coordination to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding, the primary acceptance check passes (peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- A surviving member may not provide the original aggregate capacity.
- Level-1 routing alone does not distribute routes between separate areas.
- Multitopology requires consistent capabilities on intended neighbors.
- Retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The relevant boundary of graceful restart helper coordination is that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to link aggregation member continuity in a different scenario where operators need to retain a provider logical link when one physical member fails. For the deployed graceful restart helper coordination approach, the relevant caution is instead that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.
B:This concern applies to IS-IS level-1 local-area reachability in a different scenario where operators need to keep IS-IS routes within an area while preserving local Level-1 forwarding. For the deployed graceful restart helper coordination approach, the relevant caution is instead that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.
C:This concern applies to IS-IS IPv6 multitopology in a different scenario where operators need to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. For the deployed graceful restart helper coordination approach, the relevant caution is instead that retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.
Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests