Question 510
After Starlight IP Services deploys RSVP bandwidth reservation to reserve a bounded amount of link bandwidth for an MPLS TE LSP, the primary acceptance check passes (the tunnel establishes only when links report sufficient reservable resources). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- Strict hop constraints fail if an intermediate node or link becomes unavailable.
- Reservations do not by themselves eliminate all queuing or packet loss.
- Inaccurate risk-group metadata can invalidate protection assumptions.
- Service interworking needs consistent labels routes and VRF identity mappings.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The relevant boundary of RSVP bandwidth reservation is that reservations do not by themselves eliminate all queuing or packet loss. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to RSVP TE explicit path in a different scenario where operators need to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. For the deployed RSVP bandwidth reservation approach, the relevant caution is instead that reservations do not by themselves eliminate all queuing or packet loss.
C:This concern applies to TI-LFA SRLG protection in a different scenario where operators need to avoid a repair path sharing a common fiber-risk group with the failed path. For the deployed RSVP bandwidth reservation approach, the relevant caution is instead that reservations do not by themselves eliminate all queuing or packet loss.
D:This concern applies to SRv6 interworking gateway in a different scenario where operators need to carry traffic between SRv6 and another provider service encapsulation domain. For the deployed RSVP bandwidth reservation approach, the relevant caution is instead that reservations do not by themselves eliminate all queuing or packet loss.
Question 511
Northstar Carrier must protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- DS-TE class type allocation
- SRGB consistent index mapping
- RSVP fast reroute detour
- LDP label binding verification
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:RSVP fast reroute detour matches this requirement: the team should configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node. A relevant outcome would be that a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
Incorrect Answers
A:DS-TE class type allocation instead addresses a different condition: reserve traffic engineering resources separately for differentiated service classes. It would instead require you to apply the intended DS-TE bandwidth constraint model and class-type reservations, not the stated goal to protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage.
B:SRGB consistent index mapping instead addresses a different condition: ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It would instead require you to advertise and interpret SRGB parameters correctly for each segment-routing node, not the stated goal to protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage.
D:LDP label binding verification instead addresses a different condition: check the label binding for a specific IGP destination before enabling a VPN. It would instead require you to inspect local and remote LDP bindings and installed labeled forwarding entries, not the stated goal to protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage.
Question 512
At Orion Transit, the engineering change is approved for RSVP fast reroute detour. The specific goal is to protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Apply the intended DS-TE bandwidth constraint model and class-type reservations.
- Advertise and interpret SRGB parameters correctly for each segment-routing node.
- Inspect local and remote LDP bindings and installed labeled forwarding entries.
- Configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Implementing RSVP fast reroute detour requires the operator to configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for DS-TE class type allocation, whose purpose is to reserve traffic engineering resources separately for differentiated service classes. It would not perform the necessary RSVP fast reroute detour operation: configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node.
B:The proposed step is for SRGB consistent index mapping, whose purpose is to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It would not perform the necessary RSVP fast reroute detour operation: configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node.
C:The proposed step is for LDP label binding verification, whose purpose is to check the label binding for a specific IGP destination before enabling a VPN. It would not perform the necessary RSVP fast reroute detour operation: configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node.
Question 513
Meridian Networks has deployed RSVP fast reroute detour to protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage. The implementation step was to configure FRR backup protection for the affected RSVP-TE link or node. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- A pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
- Admission checks account for class-type availability on the candidate path.
- Segment identifiers resolve to the intended local labels and forward to the same destination.
- The expected FEC maps to valid incoming and outgoing label operations.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:For RSVP fast reroute detour, successful verification means that a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
B:The observation would verify DS-TE class type allocation under the separate requirement to reserve traffic engineering resources separately for differentiated service classes. It does not demonstrate the needed RSVP fast reroute detour result: a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
C:The observation would verify SRGB consistent index mapping under the separate requirement to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It does not demonstrate the needed RSVP fast reroute detour result: a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
D:The observation would verify LDP label binding verification under the separate requirement to check the label binding for a specific IGP destination before enabling a VPN. It does not demonstrate the needed RSVP fast reroute detour result: a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
Question 514
While troubleshooting RSVP fast reroute detour at Kestrel Broadband, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- All services reserve from one undifferentiated TE bandwidth pool.
- The primary TE tunnel is restored only after slow end-to-end recomputation.
- A global prefix SID index is assumed to mean an identical label on mismatched SRGB nodes.
- An LDP neighbor is up but no label binding exists for the target FEC.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The suspected defect directly frustrates RSVP fast reroute detour: the primary TE tunnel is restored only after slow end-to-end recomputation. Correcting it should allow verification that a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to DS-TE class type allocation, where the affected outcome is to reserve traffic engineering resources separately for differentiated service classes. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the RSVP fast reroute detour design in this case: the primary TE tunnel is restored only after slow end-to-end recomputation.
C:This defect belongs to SRGB consistent index mapping, where the affected outcome is to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the RSVP fast reroute detour design in this case: the primary TE tunnel is restored only after slow end-to-end recomputation.
D:This defect belongs to LDP label binding verification, where the affected outcome is to check the label binding for a specific IGP destination before enabling a VPN. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the RSVP fast reroute detour design in this case: the primary TE tunnel is restored only after slow end-to-end recomputation.
Question 515
After Harbor Metro deploys RSVP fast reroute detour to protect a traffic-engineered LSP locally against a planned link outage, the primary acceptance check passes (a pre-established repair path takes traffic when the protected element fails). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- DS-TE capacity configuration requires consistent class-to-TE mapping.
- SRGB differences require correct label translation at intermediate hops.
- Backup path selection must respect capacity and shared-risk limits.
- Missing labels can produce selective packet loss despite healthy routing.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The relevant boundary of RSVP fast reroute detour is that backup path selection must respect capacity and shared-risk limits. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to DS-TE class type allocation in a different scenario where operators need to reserve traffic engineering resources separately for differentiated service classes. For the deployed RSVP fast reroute detour approach, the relevant caution is instead that backup path selection must respect capacity and shared-risk limits.
B:This concern applies to SRGB consistent index mapping in a different scenario where operators need to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. For the deployed RSVP fast reroute detour approach, the relevant caution is instead that backup path selection must respect capacity and shared-risk limits.
D:This concern applies to LDP label binding verification in a different scenario where operators need to check the label binding for a specific IGP destination before enabling a VPN. For the deployed RSVP fast reroute detour approach, the relevant caution is instead that backup path selection must respect capacity and shared-risk limits.
Question 516
Summit Service Provider must avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- RSVP TE explicit path
- SRGB consistent index mapping
- SR traffic-engineered SID list
- SRLG diverse recovery
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:SRLG diverse recovery matches this requirement: the team should define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation. A relevant outcome would be that primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
Incorrect Answers
A:RSVP TE explicit path instead addresses a different condition: steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It would instead require you to configure an RSVP-TE tunnel with a suitable explicit-route object, not the stated goal to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk.
B:SRGB consistent index mapping instead addresses a different condition: ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It would instead require you to advertise and interpret SRGB parameters correctly for each segment-routing node, not the stated goal to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk.
C:SR traffic-engineered SID list instead addresses a different condition: force traffic through ordered provider waypoints while retaining ingress steering. It would instead require you to install an SR-TE policy with the ordered segment list and matching headend steering, not the stated goal to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk.
Question 517
At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for SRLG diverse recovery. The specific goal is to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation.
- Configure an RSVP-TE tunnel with a suitable explicit-route object.
- Advertise and interpret SRGB parameters correctly for each segment-routing node.
- Install an SR-TE policy with the ordered segment list and matching headend steering.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Implementing SRLG diverse recovery requires the operator to define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
Incorrect Answers
B:The proposed step is for RSVP TE explicit path, whose purpose is to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It would not perform the necessary SRLG diverse recovery operation: define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation.
C:The proposed step is for SRGB consistent index mapping, whose purpose is to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It would not perform the necessary SRLG diverse recovery operation: define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation.
D:The proposed step is for SR traffic-engineered SID list, whose purpose is to force traffic through ordered provider waypoints while retaining ingress steering. It would not perform the necessary SRLG diverse recovery operation: define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation.
Question 518
Lakeside Transport has deployed SRLG diverse recovery to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk. The implementation step was to define and exclude common Shared Risk Link Groups in the recovery path computation. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- The established tunnel follows listed hops and reserves the requested resources.
- Primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
- Segment identifiers resolve to the intended local labels and forward to the same destination.
- Forwarding probes traverse the intended waypoints in list order.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:For SRLG diverse recovery, successful verification means that primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
A:The observation would verify RSVP TE explicit path under the separate requirement to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It does not demonstrate the needed SRLG diverse recovery result: primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
C:The observation would verify SRGB consistent index mapping under the separate requirement to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It does not demonstrate the needed SRLG diverse recovery result: primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
D:The observation would verify SR traffic-engineered SID list under the separate requirement to force traffic through ordered provider waypoints while retaining ingress steering. It does not demonstrate the needed SRLG diverse recovery result: primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
Question 519
While troubleshooting SRLG diverse recovery at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- An ordinary LDP LSP follows IGP SPF instead of the required explicit path.
- A global prefix SID index is assumed to mean an identical label on mismatched SRGB nodes.
- Two logically different interfaces still share one buried optical duct.
- Ordinary SPF forwarding ignores the required ordered waypoints.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The suspected defect directly frustrates SRLG diverse recovery: two logically different interfaces still share one buried optical duct. Correcting it should allow verification that primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to RSVP TE explicit path, where the affected outcome is to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SRLG diverse recovery design in this case: two logically different interfaces still share one buried optical duct.
B:This defect belongs to SRGB consistent index mapping, where the affected outcome is to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SRLG diverse recovery design in this case: two logically different interfaces still share one buried optical duct.
D:This defect belongs to SR traffic-engineered SID list, where the affected outcome is to force traffic through ordered provider waypoints while retaining ingress steering. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the SRLG diverse recovery design in this case: two logically different interfaces still share one buried optical duct.
Question 520
After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys SRLG diverse recovery to avoid primary and backup TE paths sharing the same underlying fiber risk, the primary acceptance check passes (primary and backup traverse independently identified SRLG sets). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- Strict hop constraints fail if an intermediate node or link becomes unavailable.
- SRGB differences require correct label translation at intermediate hops.
- SID stack depth and path MTU bound how many waypoints can be imposed.
- Inaccurate SRLG inventory can falsely imply physical diversity.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The relevant boundary of SRLG diverse recovery is that inaccurate SRLG inventory can falsely imply physical diversity. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to RSVP TE explicit path in a different scenario where operators need to steer an MPLS TE tunnel over selected intermediate nodes rather than only IGP shortest path. For the deployed SRLG diverse recovery approach, the relevant caution is instead that inaccurate SRLG inventory can falsely imply physical diversity.
B:This concern applies to SRGB consistent index mapping in a different scenario where operators need to ensure a prefix segment index resolves to an MPLS label on every transit node. For the deployed SRLG diverse recovery approach, the relevant caution is instead that inaccurate SRLG inventory can falsely imply physical diversity.
C:This concern applies to SR traffic-engineered SID list in a different scenario where operators need to force traffic through ordered provider waypoints while retaining ingress steering. For the deployed SRLG diverse recovery approach, the relevant caution is instead that inaccurate SRLG inventory can falsely imply physical diversity.
Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests