Question 230
After Harbor Metro deploys OSPF hello dead timer mismatch to repair a failed OSPF neighbor relationship caused by unequal hello or dead intervals, the primary acceptance check passes (neighbor state progresses to Full under stable hello exchange). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- A stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
- More aggressive timers can increase false neighbor failures during congestion.
- IPv6 next-hop reachability must be valid even if TCP uses IPv4.
- Key rotation and credential synchronization must avoid unexpected peering outages.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The relevant boundary of OSPF hello dead timer mismatch is that more aggressive timers can increase false neighbor failures during congestion. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to OSPF stub area constraint in a different scenario where operators need to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. For the deployed OSPF hello dead timer mismatch approach, the relevant caution is instead that more aggressive timers can increase false neighbor failures during congestion.
C:This concern applies to BGP IPv6 address family in a different scenario where operators need to exchange IPv6 unicast reachability on an existing BGP transport session. For the deployed OSPF hello dead timer mismatch approach, the relevant caution is instead that more aggressive timers can increase false neighbor failures during congestion.
D:This concern applies to BGP neighbor TCP authentication in a different scenario where operators need to ensure an external BGP session establishes only with peers possessing the agreed session authentication material. For the deployed OSPF hello dead timer mismatch approach, the relevant caution is instead that more aggressive timers can increase false neighbor failures during congestion.
Question 231
Summit Service Provider must recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- BGP next-hop resolution failure
- BGP local preference exit policy
- OSPF area mismatch diagnosis
- IS-IS IPv6 multitopology
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:OSPF area mismatch diagnosis matches this requirement: the team should place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area. A relevant outcome would be that hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
Incorrect Answers
A:BGP next-hop resolution failure instead addresses a different condition: diagnose a valid BGP route absent from the forwarding RIB. It would instead require you to check recursion and IGP reachability for the advertised BGP next hop, not the stated goal to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas.
B:BGP local preference exit policy instead addresses a different condition: make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It would instead require you to set a higher BGP local preference on the preferred path within the AS, not the stated goal to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas.
D:IS-IS IPv6 multitopology instead addresses a different condition: advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It would instead require you to enable the supported multitopology IS-IS IPv6 address-family behavior, not the stated goal to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas.
Question 232
At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for OSPF area mismatch diagnosis. The specific goal is to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Check recursion and IGP reachability for the advertised BGP next hop.
- Set a higher BGP local preference on the preferred path within the AS.
- Enable the supported multitopology IS-IS IPv6 address-family behavior.
- Place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:Implementing OSPF area mismatch diagnosis requires the operator to place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for BGP next-hop resolution failure, whose purpose is to diagnose a valid BGP route absent from the forwarding RIB. It would not perform the necessary OSPF area mismatch diagnosis operation: place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area.
B:The proposed step is for BGP local preference exit policy, whose purpose is to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It would not perform the necessary OSPF area mismatch diagnosis operation: place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area.
C:The proposed step is for IS-IS IPv6 multitopology, whose purpose is to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It would not perform the necessary OSPF area mismatch diagnosis operation: place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area.
Question 233
Lakeside Transport has deployed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. The implementation step was to place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- Hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
- The BGP path becomes usable when the next hop resolves to a valid interface.
- IBGP routers prefer the agreed egress when policy applies.
- IPv6 SPF sees its own valid link participation and reachability.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:For OSPF area mismatch diagnosis, successful verification means that hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
B:The observation would verify BGP next-hop resolution failure under the separate requirement to diagnose a valid BGP route absent from the forwarding RIB. It does not demonstrate the needed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis result: hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
C:The observation would verify BGP local preference exit policy under the separate requirement to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It does not demonstrate the needed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis result: hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
D:The observation would verify IS-IS IPv6 multitopology under the separate requirement to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It does not demonstrate the needed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis result: hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
Question 234
While troubleshooting OSPF area mismatch diagnosis at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- More BGP prefixes are advertised while the existing next hop remains unreachable.
- DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible.
- MED is adjusted expecting it to override a local-preference difference.
- Single-topology IPv6 is forced through a link lacking IPv6 support.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The suspected defect directly frustrates OSPF area mismatch diagnosis: DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible. Correcting it should allow verification that hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to BGP next-hop resolution failure, where the affected outcome is to diagnose a valid BGP route absent from the forwarding RIB. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the OSPF area mismatch diagnosis design in this case: DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible.
C:This defect belongs to BGP local preference exit policy, where the affected outcome is to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the OSPF area mismatch diagnosis design in this case: DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible.
D:This defect belongs to IS-IS IPv6 multitopology, where the affected outcome is to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the OSPF area mismatch diagnosis design in this case: DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible.
Question 235
After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys OSPF area mismatch diagnosis to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas, the primary acceptance check passes (hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- The preferred control-plane path is not necessarily an installable FIB path.
- Local preference is an internal-AS policy and not exported to eBGP peers.
- The area correction may affect summarization and route propagation.
- Multitopology requires consistent capabilities on intended neighbors.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The relevant boundary of OSPF area mismatch diagnosis is that the area correction may affect summarization and route propagation. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to BGP next-hop resolution failure in a different scenario where operators need to diagnose a valid BGP route absent from the forwarding RIB. For the deployed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis approach, the relevant caution is instead that the area correction may affect summarization and route propagation.
B:This concern applies to BGP local preference exit policy in a different scenario where operators need to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. For the deployed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis approach, the relevant caution is instead that the area correction may affect summarization and route propagation.
D:This concern applies to IS-IS IPv6 multitopology in a different scenario where operators need to advertise IPv6 links whose topology differs from the IPv4 forwarding graph. For the deployed OSPF area mismatch diagnosis approach, the relevant caution is instead that the area correction may affect summarization and route propagation.
Question 236
Horizon Exchange must limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- OSPF hello dead timer mismatch
- IS-IS metric traffic engineering
- OSPF area mismatch diagnosis
- OSPF stub area constraint
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:OSPF stub area constraint matches this requirement: the team should configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area. A relevant outcome would be that the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
Incorrect Answers
A:OSPF hello dead timer mismatch instead addresses a different condition: repair a failed OSPF neighbor relationship caused by unequal hello or dead intervals. It would instead require you to align the OSPF hello and dead timer values at both ends, not the stated goal to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area.
B:IS-IS metric traffic engineering instead addresses a different condition: prefer a lower-cost IGP path without changing BGP administrative preferences. It would instead require you to adjust supported IS-IS interface metrics to influence shortest-path computation, not the stated goal to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area.
C:OSPF area mismatch diagnosis instead addresses a different condition: recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It would instead require you to place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area, not the stated goal to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area.
Question 237
At Cedar Wireless, the engineering change is approved for OSPF stub area constraint. The specific goal is to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area.
- Align the OSPF hello and dead timer values at both ends.
- Adjust supported IS-IS interface metrics to influence shortest-path computation.
- Place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:Implementing OSPF stub area constraint requires the operator to configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
Incorrect Answers
B:The proposed step is for OSPF hello dead timer mismatch, whose purpose is to repair a failed OSPF neighbor relationship caused by unequal hello or dead intervals. It would not perform the necessary OSPF stub area constraint operation: configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area.
C:The proposed step is for IS-IS metric traffic engineering, whose purpose is to prefer a lower-cost IGP path without changing BGP administrative preferences. It would not perform the necessary OSPF stub area constraint operation: configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area.
D:The proposed step is for OSPF area mismatch diagnosis, whose purpose is to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It would not perform the necessary OSPF stub area constraint operation: configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area.
Question 238
Willow Regional has deployed OSPF stub area constraint to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area. The implementation step was to configure consistent stub-area settings on all routers in the area. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- Neighbor state progresses to Full under stable hello exchange.
- The stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
- The shortest-path cost and forwarding next hop reflect the intended links.
- Hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:For OSPF stub area constraint, successful verification means that the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
A:The observation would verify OSPF hello dead timer mismatch under the separate requirement to repair a failed OSPF neighbor relationship caused by unequal hello or dead intervals. It does not demonstrate the needed OSPF stub area constraint result: the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
C:The observation would verify IS-IS metric traffic engineering under the separate requirement to prefer a lower-cost IGP path without changing BGP administrative preferences. It does not demonstrate the needed OSPF stub area constraint result: the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
D:The observation would verify OSPF area mismatch diagnosis under the separate requirement to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It does not demonstrate the needed OSPF stub area constraint result: the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
Question 239
While troubleshooting OSPF stub area constraint at Atlas Backbone, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- Only a BGP route-policy is modified while OSPF timers still differ.
- BGP local preference is changed for a route controlled solely by IS-IS metrics.
- One neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails.
- DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The suspected defect directly frustrates OSPF stub area constraint: one neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails. Correcting it should allow verification that the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to OSPF hello dead timer mismatch, where the affected outcome is to repair a failed OSPF neighbor relationship caused by unequal hello or dead intervals. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the OSPF stub area constraint design in this case: one neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails.
B:This defect belongs to IS-IS metric traffic engineering, where the affected outcome is to prefer a lower-cost IGP path without changing BGP administrative preferences. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the OSPF stub area constraint design in this case: one neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails.
D:This defect belongs to OSPF area mismatch diagnosis, where the affected outcome is to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the OSPF stub area constraint design in this case: one neighbor keeps normal-area settings and the stub adjacency fails.
Question 240
After Starlight IP Services deploys OSPF stub area constraint to limit Type-5 external LSAs within a supported stub area, the primary acceptance check passes (the stub area uses required default routing without external Type-5 LSAs). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- More aggressive timers can increase false neighbor failures during congestion.
- Metric changes may affect many prefixes sharing the modified link.
- The area correction may affect summarization and route propagation.
- A stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The relevant boundary of OSPF stub area constraint is that a stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to OSPF hello dead timer mismatch in a different scenario where operators need to repair a failed OSPF neighbor relationship caused by unequal hello or dead intervals. For the deployed OSPF stub area constraint approach, the relevant caution is instead that a stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
B:This concern applies to IS-IS metric traffic engineering in a different scenario where operators need to prefer a lower-cost IGP path without changing BGP administrative preferences. For the deployed OSPF stub area constraint approach, the relevant caution is instead that a stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
C:This concern applies to OSPF area mismatch diagnosis in a different scenario where operators need to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. For the deployed OSPF stub area constraint approach, the relevant caution is instead that a stub area cannot independently host an ordinary ASBR advertising externals.
Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests