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350-401 Premium File: 763 Questions & Answers

Last Update: Oct 20, 2026

350-401 Training Course: 196 Video Lectures

350-401 PDF Study Guide: 636 Pages

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350-401 Bundle gives you unlimited access to "350-401" files. However, this does not replace the need for a .vce exam simulator. To download your .vce exam simulator click here

Cisco 350-401 Practice Test 44

Question 430

A router-generated UDP syslog flow must use a specific monitored egress next hop, but its existing inbound PBR route map only changes packets entering interfaces, not traffic originating on the router itself. The incident evidence is: Transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?

  1. Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop.
  2. Use the supported `always` option only when intentionally advertising default irrespective of a local installed default.
  3. Use a supported tracked or verified next-hop policy where appropriate and document normal-routing fallback.
  4. Enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow instead of binding only an ingress interface policy.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The required correction is: Enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow instead of binding only an ingress interface policy. The underlying failure mechanism is: Interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors would not enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow.

B:

Using the supported `always` option only when intentionally advertising default irrespective of a local installed default would not enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow.

C:

Using a supported tracked or verified next-hop policy where appropriate and documenting normal-routing fallback would not enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow.

Question 431

A router-generated UDP syslog flow must use a specific monitored egress next hop, but its existing inbound PBR route map only changes packets entering interfaces, not traffic originating on the router itself. The proposed remedy is: Enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow instead of binding only an ingress interface policy. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?

  1. Inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.
  2. Test two source subnets to the same destination and inspect policy match counts and actual next hops.
  3. Verify 0.0.0.0/0 external LSA presence and the upstream default route policy under failure tests.
  4. Simulate next-hop loss and inspect path selection for matched traffic.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The decisive acceptance observation is: Inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This test measures a different behavior: Test two source subnets to the same destination and inspect policy match counts and actual next hops. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.

C:

This test measures a different behavior: Verify 0.0.0.0/0 external LSA presence and the upstream default route policy under failure tests. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.

D:

This test measures a different behavior: Simulate next-hop loss and inspect path selection for matched traffic. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.

Question 432

A router-generated UDP syslog flow must use a specific monitored egress next hop, but its existing inbound PBR route map only changes packets entering interfaces, not traffic originating on the router itself. During troubleshooting: Transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?

  1. Interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy.
  2. No effective ingress PBR policy matches the inspection source before ordinary route lookup.
  3. Without `always`, default origination depends on a default route being present in the advertising router.
  4. The PBR next-hop selection lacks health tracking or an available fallback path.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The actual technical cause is: Interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy. It specifically explains the observation: transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table. The correcting configuration is: enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow instead of binding only an ingress interface policy.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Inspection traffic bypasses the firewall although the ordinary FIB route is healthy. Here the recorded observation is: transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table. The applicable cause is: interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy.

C:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: The default LSA disappears when the originating router loses its own RIB default route. Here the recorded observation is: transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table. The applicable cause is: interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy.

D:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Packets matching PBR are forwarded to an unreachable policy next hop until the route map changes. Here the recorded observation is: transit users match interface PBR as expected, but the router's own syslog packets still use the ordinary routing table. The applicable cause is: interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy.

Question 433

A router-generated UDP syslog flow must use a specific monitored egress next hop, but its existing inbound PBR route map only changes packets entering interfaces, not traffic originating on the router itself. Select TWO complementary decisions: the direct technical remedy and a safeguard against recurrence. A verification-only step cannot substitute for either action.

  1. Test locally originated versus transit traffic separately when changing policy routing and account for platform-specific TCP caveats.
  2. Use a supported tracked or verified next-hop policy where appropriate and document normal-routing fallback.
  3. Enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow instead of binding only an ingress interface policy.
  4. Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop.
  5. Review PBR sources, next-hop tracking and fallback behavior after subnet changes.

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

The continuing protective control is: Test locally originated versus transit traffic separately when changing policy routing and account for platform-specific TCP caveats. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy. The corresponding operational check is: inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.

C:

The required correction is: Enable supported `ip local policy route-map` for the locally generated syslog flow instead of binding only an ingress interface policy. The underlying failure mechanism is: Interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: inspect `show ip local policy` and trace locally generated syslog packets over the intended monitored next hop.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Tracking a policy next hop can improve fallback, but it does not make interface-only PBR apply to traffic generated by the router.

D:

Refining ingress policy matches cannot fix the missing local policy hook for router-originated syslog packets.

E:

That control reduces a separate risk: No effective ingress PBR policy matches the inspection source before ordinary route lookup. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: interface-applied PBR does not act on locally generated packets without a local PBR policy. The specific required safeguard is: test locally originated versus transit traffic separately when changing policy routing and account for platform-specific TCP caveats.

Question 434

Only traffic to a specific SaaS subnet should be steered via a special inspection hop, but a policy matches all source packets and causes unrelated routes to detour. The incident evidence is: Ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?

  1. Originate only the intended present RIB prefixes using valid BGP network or controlled redistribution policy.
  2. Apply a validated policy-based route map matching that source and setting a reachable policy next hop on the ingress L3 interface.
  3. Use a supported tracked or verified next-hop policy where appropriate and document normal-routing fallback.
  4. Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The required correction is: Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop. The underlying failure mechanism is: The policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Originate only the intended present RIB prefixes using valid BGP network or controlled redistribution policy would not address the need for refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors.

B:

Applying a validated policy-based route map matching that source and setting a reachable policy next hop on the ingress L3 interface would not address the need for refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors.

C:

Using a supported tracked or verified next-hop policy where appropriate and documenting normal-routing fallback would not address the need for refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors.

Question 435

Only traffic to a specific SaaS subnet should be steered via a special inspection hop, but a policy matches all source packets and causes unrelated routes to detour. The proposed remedy is: Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?

  1. Test two source subnets to the same destination and inspect policy match counts and actual next hops.
  2. Simulate next-hop loss and inspect path selection for matched traffic.
  3. Check BGP next-hop resolution and RIB installation of the previously ineligible prefix.
  4. Run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The decisive acceptance observation is: Run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This test measures a different behavior: Test two source subnets to the same destination and inspect policy match counts and actual next hops. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered.

B:

This test measures a different behavior: Simulate next-hop loss and inspect path selection for matched traffic. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered.

C:

This test measures a different behavior: Check BGP next-hop resolution and RIB installation of the previously ineligible prefix. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered.

Question 436

Only traffic to a specific SaaS subnet should be steered via a special inspection hop, but a policy matches all source packets and causes unrelated routes to detour. During troubleshooting: Ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?

  1. The policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination.
  2. The PBR next-hop selection lacks health tracking or an available fallback path.
  3. No effective ingress PBR policy matches the inspection source before ordinary route lookup.
  4. The BGP NEXT_HOP attribute has no resolvable path in the routing table.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The actual technical cause is: The policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination. It specifically explains the observation: ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop. The correcting configuration is: refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Packets matching PBR are forwarded to an unreachable policy next hop until the route map changes. Here the recorded observation is: ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop. The applicable cause is: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination.

C:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Inspection traffic bypasses the firewall although the ordinary FIB route is healthy. Here the recorded observation is: ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop. The applicable cause is: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination.

D:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: `show bgp` displays a received network but no usable installed route due to inaccessible next hop. Here the recorded observation is: ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop. The applicable cause is: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination.

Question 437

Only traffic to a specific SaaS subnet should be steered via a special inspection hop, but a policy matches all source packets and causes unrelated routes to detour. The initial change is: Refine PBR classification to match the intended source and destination selectors before setting the policy next hop. Which continuing control most directly prevents a recurrence of the documented problem: Ordinary DNS traffic is sent to the special SaaS inspection next hop.

  1. Monitor policy next-hop reachability and include failure tests in PBR acceptance.
  2. Use counters and negative-match testing whenever PBR ACLs are expanded.
  3. Validate next-hop reachability separately from BGP session Established status.
  4. Review PBR sources, next-hop tracking and fallback behavior after subnet changes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The continuing protective control is: Use counters and negative-match testing whenever PBR ACLs are expanded. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination. The corresponding operational check is: run matched and unmatched source/destination test flows to verify only SaaS traffic is steered.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That control reduces a separate risk: The PBR next-hop selection lacks health tracking or an available fallback path. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination. The specific required safeguard is: use counters and negative-match testing whenever PBR ACLs are expanded.

C:

That control reduces a separate risk: The BGP NEXT_HOP attribute has no resolvable path in the routing table. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination. The specific required safeguard is: use counters and negative-match testing whenever PBR ACLs are expanded.

D:

That control reduces a separate risk: No effective ingress PBR policy matches the inspection source before ordinary route lookup. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the policy route-map match criteria are too broad for the documented service destination. The specific required safeguard is: use counters and negative-match testing whenever PBR ACLs are expanded.

Question 438

Network gear must synchronize clocks to a designated NTP source, but a branch switch points to a disconnected peer. The incident evidence is: Syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?

  1. Configure supported NTP authentication/key associations and restrict permitted peers where required.
  2. Select supported bidirectional PIM with a properly established RP and designated-forwarder behavior.
  3. Configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported.
  4. Use a supported PTP grandmaster/transparent or boundary-clock design for the required timing accuracy.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The required correction is: Configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported. The underlying failure mechanism is: The configured NTP source is unreachable or not accepted for synchronization. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: compare NTP association reachability, synchronization state and offset to the authoritative time source.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Configuring supported NTP authentication/key associations and restricting permitted peers where required would not configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported.

B:

Selecting supported bidirectional PIM with a properly established RP and designated-forwarder behavior would not configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported.

D:

Using a supported PTP grandmaster/transparent or boundary-clock design for the required timing accuracy would not configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported.

Question 439

Network gear must synchronize clocks to a designated NTP source, but a branch switch points to a disconnected peer. The proposed remedy is: Configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?

  1. Inspect PTP master selection, path delay and slave synchronization offset.
  2. Compare NTP association reachability, synchronization state and offset to the authoritative time source.
  3. Verify bidirectional group tree state and upstream/downstream forwarding from multiple sources.
  4. Check authenticated NTP association state and reject test replies from an untrusted peer.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The decisive acceptance observation is: Compare NTP association reachability, synchronization state and offset to the authoritative time source. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This test measures a different behavior: Inspect PTP master selection, path delay and slave synchronization offset. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: compare NTP association reachability, synchronization state and offset to the authoritative time source.

C:

This test measures a different behavior: Verify bidirectional group tree state and upstream/downstream forwarding from multiple sources. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: compare NTP association reachability, synchronization state and offset to the authoritative time source.

D:

This test measures a different behavior: Check authenticated NTP association state and reject test replies from an untrusted peer. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: compare NTP association reachability, synchronization state and offset to the authoritative time source.

Question 440

Network gear must synchronize clocks to a designated NTP source, but a branch switch points to a disconnected peer. During troubleshooting: Syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?

  1. NTP lacks the required hardware timestamp and PTP synchronization behavior for this application.
  2. NTP source authentication or access controls are not enforcing the trust requirement.
  3. The configured NTP source is unreachable or not accepted for synchronization.
  4. The required PIM bidirectional shared-tree/RP design was not consistently enabled.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

The actual technical cause is: The configured NTP source is unreachable or not accepted for synchronization. It specifically explains the observation: syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer. The correcting configuration is: configure a reachable, approved NTP server and appropriate authentication where supported.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: The device never reaches the target precision despite a healthy standard NTP synchronization. Here the recorded observation is: syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer. The applicable cause is: the configured NTP source is unreachable or not accepted for synchronization.

B:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: The device synchronizes to an unauthorized source rather than the approved time reference. Here the recorded observation is: syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer. The applicable cause is: the configured NTP source is unreachable or not accepted for synchronization.

D:

That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: A bidirectional group receives data only from one source because the network was built on incompatible source-tree assumptions. Here the recorded observation is: syslog timestamps drift because the switch is not synchronized to any valid NTP peer. The applicable cause is: the configured NTP source is unreachable or not accepted for synchronization.


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