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Last Update: Sep 27, 2026

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 19

Question 180

An IPv6 router must add a static route for 2001:db8:72:5::/64 via adjacent 2001:db8:72:1::2. The operator writes an IPv4 `ip route` command and IOS rejects it. What should be used?

  1. `ipv6 route 2001:db8:72:5::/64 2001:db8:72:1::2`.
  2. `ipv6 address 2001:db8:72:5::/64` on the router's LAN.
  3. `ip default-gateway 2001:db8:72:1::2` on a routing-enabled router.
  4. `ip route 2001:db8:72:5::/64 2001:db8:72:1::2`.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Cisco IOS uses the IPv6-specific static route command with prefix length and IPv6 next hop. Verify link and next-hop resolution, then inspect show ipv6 route.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Assigning the remote prefix to a local interface creates an incorrect connected network instead of a path via the known neighbor.

C:

An IPv4-oriented default-gateway command on a routed switch is not the way to add the specific IPv6 /64 static route to the active table.

D:

The IPv4 route syntax expects IPv4 network/address values and cannot directly encode the IPv6 prefixes in this question.

Question 181

A company needs a 40-host engineering VLAN and a 10-host printer VLAN from 10.9.10.0/24. Which variable-length subnet allocation is efficient and nonoverlapping?

  1. Engineering 10.9.10.0/26 and printers 10.9.10.32/28.
  2. Engineering 10.9.10.0/27 and printers 10.9.10.32/28.
  3. Engineering 10.9.10.0/25 and printers 10.9.10.64/26.
  4. Engineering 10.9.10.0/26 and printers 10.9.10.64/28.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A /26 supports 62 usable hosts for engineering, and a disjoint /28 starting at .64 supports 14 printers. Both fit with relatively little waste.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The /28 block starting at .32 lies inside engineering's .0/26 block, so the allocations overlap and would create duplicate subnets.

B:

A /27 supplies only 30 usable hosts and cannot support 40 engineering devices, even though the printer /28 would otherwise fit.

C:

The printer .64/26 is contained inside the broad engineering .0/25 block. Both are larger than needed and overlap rather than providing efficient independent VLANs.

Question 182

A switch receives an untagged Ethernet frame on an 802.1Q trunk whose native VLAN is configured as 777 on that receiving port. Which VLAN normally classifies that frame?

  1. The management IP subnet's VLAN automatically.
  2. VLAN 777, the receiving trunk's native VLAN.
  3. VLAN 1 regardless of configured native VLAN.
  4. The first VLAN in the allowed-VLAN list.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Standard 802.1Q trunk handling associates untagged data frames with the configured native VLAN at ingress, subject to platform options such as native tagging.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A switch management IP address does not automatically redefine trunk native VLAN classification for user data entering the interface.

C:

VLAN 1 is often the default native VLAN, but changing the configured native value changes how ordinary untagged frames are classified.

D:

Allowed VLAN lists constrain traffic carriage; their alphabetical or numeric first entry does not determine the meaning of untagged frames.

Question 183

A loopback interface 10.10.10.10/32 on a campus router must be advertised through single-area OSPF. No OSPF neighbors should be expected on that loopback. What is the correct design?

  1. Require a DR election on the loopback before advertising its route.
  2. Force a broadcast OSPF Hello exchange between the loopback and a remote router.
  3. Include the loopback prefix in the OSPF process and retain neighbor formation only on supported transit interfaces.
  4. Remove OSPF on every physical transit interface and advertise the loopback alone.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

OSPF can advertise an interface's prefix while treating loopback as a local endpoint with no external Hello neighbor on it. Physical transit links provide adjacency and LSDB exchange.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A loopback is not a shared Ethernet broadcast segment requiring a DR election. Adjacency occurs on actual transit links, not the local virtual loopback.

B:

Loopbacks do not have direct remote Layer 2 neighbors. Forcing a broadcast Hello exchange on a local virtual interface is not the intended advertising mechanism.

D:

Without transit adjacency or appropriate redistribution paths, a router cannot distribute the loopback's LSAs to its OSPF peers. Keeping neighbor-capable links active is necessary.

Question 184

A company has a pool of three public IPv4 addresses for employee outbound traffic. Several private hosts can borrow available translations, and fixed one-to-one public identities are not required. Which NAT type fits?

  1. Dynamic inside source NAT using the configured public address pool.
  2. An inbound DNS alias without address translation.
  3. An IPv6 unique-local address assignment as a public IPv4 translation.
  4. Static NAT with one permanent global address per host for all clients.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Dynamic NAT uses an address pool to allocate an inside global address for eligible inside local hosts as sessions require. Pool exhaustion remains a capacity consideration.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A DNS name can resolve an IP but does not translate RFC1918 source addresses to public addresses for Internet egress.

C:

IPv6 unique-local addressing is a separate protocol/space, not a mechanism that maps private IPv4 traffic onto a pool of public IPv4 addresses.

D:

Static mapping fixes individual public identities and may need one public address for each translated host. The case explicitly allows transient pool-based borrowing.

Question 185

DAI is enabled on a distribution switch. Valid ARP messages from the upstream routed interface enter Gi1/0/48 and are unexpectedly dropped because the port is treated as untrusted. What change should be considered?

  1. Set all DAI access ports to trusted while retaining no per-host binding validation to prevent the upstream router frames from being dropped.
  2. Make every user-facing access port DAI trusted.
  3. Configure an ARP ACL permitting every source IP-to-MAC combination in the VLAN rather than addressing the verified router uplink.
  4. Mark the validated upstream router-facing DAI interface as trusted according to the security topology.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

DAI validates untrusted ARP against bindings or ACLs. A legitimate routed uplink may be configured trusted when that trust boundary is appropriate and independently verified.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Trusting every endpoint-facing port permits forged ARP responses from untrusted hosts. Limit trust to the verified infrastructure-facing port or a validated exception while keeping inspection active elsewhere.

B:

Trusting all access ports would permit hosts to spoof ARP associations and defeat the anti-poisoning purpose of Dynamic ARP Inspection.

C:

An unrestricted allow policy negates ARP source validation for all hosts. The stated exception concerns an authenticated infrastructure uplink, so scope trust narrowly.

Question 186

A network controller programs forwarding entries on campus switches through a vendor-supported interface. An application sends high-level intent to the controller separately. Which API direction is controller-to-device?

  1. Syslog message from switch to collector.
  2. Southbound interface from controller to managed forwarding devices.
  3. Northbound API from controller to business applications.
  4. DNS recursive query from host to resolver.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

In controller-based networking, southbound interfaces communicate policy or state from the controller toward network elements. Device protocols and exact APIs vary by implementation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Syslog reports operational events; it does not normally instruct forwarding ASICs through a centrally managed southbound protocol.

C:

Northbound APIs expose controller services to orchestration applications. They are the reverse abstraction relative to programming hardware forwarding elements.

D:

DNS resolves hostnames and is not the controller-to-switch policy API identified in the question.

Question 187

A campus needs first-hop redundancy and wants multiple routers to participate in load sharing for a common virtual gateway group. Which FHRP characteristic matches GLBP?

  1. HSRP requires every router to forward equally for one virtual IP at all times.
  2. Choose HSRP with a single group and one active forwarder, assuming it inherently load-shares all hosts equally over both routers.
  3. GLBP can distribute hosts among virtual MAC forwarders while providing a shared virtual gateway IP.
  4. VRRP always assigns different gateway addresses to each end host.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

GLBP supports an active virtual gateway coordinating multiple active virtual forwarders to share traffic among routers using different virtual MAC responses.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Traditional HSRP normally uses active and standby roles for one group rather than equivalent load sharing of every member router at once.

B:

Standard single-group HSRP usually provides one active first-hop gateway with standby failover. GLBP supports distinct virtual forwarders to distribute host traffic under one group.

D:

VRRP presents a common virtual gateway identity and does not require hosts to configure different physical gateway IPs.

Question 188

A switch receives an ARP request addressed to Ethernet ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff from VLAN 16, while a later data frame has a known unicast destination MAC. Which forwarding contrast is correct?

  1. Broadcast floods eligible VLAN ports, whereas known unicast uses the specific learned destination port.
  2. Broadcast is forwarded only to the router CPU and never to VLAN peers.
  3. Known unicast is always flooded even when its MAC table entry exists.
  4. Both frames are sent to every VLAN in the campus.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Ethernet broadcasts are delivered throughout their Layer 2 VLAN domain, while learned destination MAC entries allow targeted port forwarding for unicast traffic.

Incorrect Answers

B:

ARP broadcasts are meant to reach local neighbor hosts so one can answer, not be universally discarded at the router CPU.

C:

The purpose of learning MAC addresses is to avoid flooding known unicast unnecessarily. A valid CAM entry directs frames toward the known port.

D:

VLAN boundaries contain broadcasts; the switch does not normally copy VLAN 16 broadcasts into unrelated VLANs without a routing function.

Question 189

A desktop edge switchport uses PortFast and BPDU Guard. A contractor accidentally attaches another switch that starts transmitting spanning-tree BPDUs. What protection behavior is expected?

  1. BPDU Guard translates BPDUs into LLDP frames for remote discovery.
  2. BPDU Guard changes the port into the spanning-tree root bridge automatically.
  3. PortFast guarantees that BPDUs from downstream switches will never arrive.
  4. BPDU Guard can put the PortFast edge port into an err-disabled state on receiving unexpected BPDUs.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

BPDU Guard protects edge assumptions by disabling a port that receives a BPDU when the feature applies. That prevents an unexpected switch from introducing a loop-prone topology.

Incorrect Answers

A:

LLDP is a separate discovery protocol. BPDU Guard does not translate STP control frames into device discovery records.

B:

Root bridge election is based on bridge IDs and topology, not a port becoming a bridge because BPDU Guard fires. The guard responds by restricting the port.

C:

PortFast accelerates forwarding on edge ports but does not physically prevent a connected switch from transmitting BPDUs. Guard is needed to detect that condition.

Question 190

An ACL applied inbound to a user VLAN has `deny ip any any` as sequence 10 and `permit tcp 10.10.5.0 0.0.0.255 host 192.0.2.50 eq 443` as sequence 20. Users cannot reach HTTPS. What must change?

  1. Add another identical HTTPS permit after the current deny.
  2. Place the specific HTTPS permit before the broad any-any deny.
  3. Keep deny first but change the HTTPS destination port to 80.
  4. Increase the ACL's name length so later entries are evaluated.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Cisco ACLs use first matching entry. A broad deny at the top matches every packet, making the later permit unreachable; reorder or narrow it deliberately.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A duplicate permit after an unconditional deny remains unreachable. The ordering problem must be fixed before the specific permitted flow can match.

C:

Changing HTTPS to TCP 80 would match ordinary HTTP, not the required destination port 443, and still would not bypass the earlier unconditional deny.

D:

ACL name text is not part of packet matching and cannot affect whether execution reaches a later line after an earlier deny.


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