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CompTIA CS0-003 Practice Test 10

Question 90

Repeated requests contain `../` segments in path fields and yield sensitive file names. What is the MOST appropriate analyst action based on the evidence?

  1. Inspect reflected parameters and output encoding for cross-site scripting.
  2. Inspect web server request logs and test whether path canonicalization permits traversal.
  3. Review per-object authorization and token activity for broken object-level access control.
  4. Correlate request payloads with database errors and investigate possible injection.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Encoded traversal attempts target files outside the intended web root. Recognize directory traversal attack indicator.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unescaped user input rendered into pages can enable script execution. That is relevant to web application abnormal activity, not to recognize directory traversal attack indicator.

C:

Authentication alone does not ensure authorization for each requested object. It could help detect API object authorization abuse, but it would not recognize directory traversal attack indicator.

D:

Error-based SQL injection may expose query construction weaknesses. That is relevant to web application abnormal activity, not to recognize directory traversal attack indicator.

Question 91

A search endpoint begins responding with unexpected JavaScript embedded in rendered results. Which next step is MOST defensible for the security team?

  1. Review per-object authorization and token activity for broken object-level access control.
  2. Correlate request payloads with database errors and investigate possible injection.
  3. Inspect reflected parameters and output encoding for cross-site scripting.
  4. Inspect web server request logs and test whether path canonicalization permits traversal.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Unescaped user input rendered into pages can enable script execution. Detect reflected XSS in search responses.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Authentication alone does not ensure authorization for each requested object. It would detect API object authorization abuse, but it would not detect reflected XSS in search responses.

B:

Error-based SQL injection may expose query construction weaknesses. It could help triage SQL injection probe behavior, but it would not detect reflected XSS in search responses.

D:

Encoded traversal attempts target files outside the intended web root. It would recognize directory traversal attack indicator, but it would not detect reflected XSS in search responses.

Question 92

An endpoint gains a new shell open command pointing to a user-writable executable. Which action BEST aligns with sound security operations?

  1. Correct filesystem permissions and verify integrity of the deployed scanner.
  2. Preserve directory policy-change events and inspect deployed scripts for unauthorized execution.
  3. Correlate event clear records and privileged logon sources; preserve off-host copies.
  4. Inspect registry associations and recent installers for command hijacking persistence.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Modified file-association handlers can execute attacker code during ordinary actions. Detect file association hijack.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Writable trusted tool paths can allow future binary replacement. It could help fix writable trusted executable path, but it would not detect file association hijack.

B:

Domain logon scripts can distribute malicious commands widely. That is relevant to registry and file tamper chain, not to detect file association hijack.

C:

Audit-log clearing is a defense-evasion signal and local evidence may be incomplete. It would identify suspicious event-log clearing, but it would not detect file association hijack.

Question 93

A host spawns repeated rundll32 commands pointing to a remote WebDAV URL. Which response BEST addresses the security problem described?

  1. Capture command arguments and mapped module evidence before host isolation.
  2. Examine the document macro, child command and network destination in the EDR timeline.
  3. Validate the DLL path, signature and parent load behavior for possible sideloading.
  4. Trace browser download, child process and task creation to establish the execution chain.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Living-off-the-land utilities can load unexpected content through valid binaries. Triage rundll32 remote module execution.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Office-to-shell ancestry is suspicious when followed by external communication. It would investigate Office-launched script execution, but it would not triage rundll32 remote module execution.

C:

Trusted parent processes can execute malicious libraries through unsafe search paths. It could help detect potential DLL sideloading, but it would not triage rundll32 remote module execution.

D:

Signed system tools can be abused for persistence after browser compromise. That is relevant to suspicious windows process trees, not to triage rundll32 remote module execution.

Question 94

A server's SSH authorized_keys gains an unfamiliar public key without approved deployment. Which investigative or response action BEST fits the evidence?

  1. Isolate the host promptly and preserve process and file-rename evidence.
  2. Revoke the unauthorized key and identify who modified the account file.
  3. Reconstruct ACL changes and correlate file reads with transfer records.
  4. Correlate exclusion modification, token privileges and subsequent file activity.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Added trust keys can provide ongoing access without password events. Investigate unauthorized SSH key persistence.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Rapid mass renaming plus extortion artifacts signals probable ransomware. It would respond to ransomware file-change signature, but it would not investigate unauthorized SSH key persistence.

C:

Unauthorized permissions plus exfiltration activity suggests deliberate staging. That is relevant to file-system and registry anomalies, not to investigate unauthorized SSH key persistence.

D:

Attackers may weaken protection to stage malicious executables. It would detect endpoint protection exclusion tampering, but it would not investigate unauthorized SSH key persistence.

Question 95

An endpoint repeatedly crashes after loading an unsigned driver from a temporary directory. What is the MOST appropriate analyst action based on the evidence?

  1. Examine injection evidence and source process trust before declaring a fileless compromise.
  2. Collect process memory and creation data to identify the source of resource exhaustion.
  3. Preserve crash and driver load artifacts and block unapproved kernel components.
  4. Compare approved change timing and query telemetry before treating usage as cryptomining.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Privileged driver execution can compromise host integrity beyond ordinary user code. Investigate suspicious kernel driver loading.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Process injection can bypass simple file hash detections. It could help triage executable memory injection, but it would not investigate suspicious kernel driver loading.

B:

Memory growth with process churn can signal malicious code or faulty services. That is relevant to memory pressure and execution indicators, not to investigate suspicious kernel driver loading.

D:

Performance anomalies may arise from authorized application changes. It could help distinguish workload spike from suspicious process, but it would not investigate suspicious kernel driver loading.

Question 96

Security logs suddenly stop while other server metrics continue normally. Which next step is MOST defensible for the security team?

  1. Validate the signature chain and approved transformation before accepting integrity.
  2. Compare the hash with trusted build artifacts and inspect deployment provenance.
  3. Preserve transaction records and compare changes with authorized application workflows.
  4. Check audit service state, event deletion and privilege changes before assuming sensor failure.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Selective logging gaps may indicate deliberate defense evasion. Triage suspicious audit-log suppression.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recomputed content hashes reveal modification even if the file remains readable. That is relevant to data integrity and tampering, not to triage suspicious audit-log suppression.

B:

Hash mismatches flag changed bytes but require authoritative baseline context. It would investigate unapproved application binary change, but it would not triage suspicious audit-log suppression.

C:

Broad integrity-changing writes may signify fraud or compromised automation. It could help investigate unauthorized database modification, but it would not triage suspicious audit-log suppression.

Question 97

A server makes tiny regular TLS connections to one unfamiliar host every 60 seconds. Which action BEST aligns with sound security operations?

  1. Compare inter-arrival patterns and process ownership with authorized heartbeat traffic.
  2. Preserve blocked transaction records and investigate the originating process and user.
  3. Verify service account, approved job and object inventory before escalating.
  4. Correlate proxy destination, bytes transferred, user activity and endpoint file-access events.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Fixed cadence plus suspicious process lineage can indicate automated command-and-control beaconing. Test regular TLS beaconing hypothesis.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Evasion-like retry behavior increases suspicion beyond one failed transfer. It could help investigate attempted DLP circumvention, but it would not test regular TLS beaconing hypothesis.

C:

Expected backup activity can resemble exfiltration without operational context. That is relevant to http exfiltration indicators, not to test regular TLS beaconing hypothesis.

D:

Transfer volume and destination age become meaningful when tied to endpoint actions. It would investigate suspected web data exfiltration, but it would not test regular TLS beaconing hypothesis.

Question 98

Successful SSO sign-ins alternate between distant countries in five minutes. Which response BEST addresses the security problem described?

  1. Aggregate failures by account and client fingerprints rather than source IP alone.
  2. Evaluate token usage, VPN egress and device identifiers before labeling impossible travel.
  3. Correlate failures by source and timeframe to identify password spraying across identities.
  4. Investigate authentication-method claims and conditional-access exclusions for the session.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Geographic velocity is suspicious but shared VPN exits can create false positives. Validate impossible-travel detection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IP rotation can disguise high-frequency credential guessing against one account. It could help detect distributed-source account brute force, but it would not validate impossible-travel detection.

C:

Breadth across users with low per-user volume is characteristic of spraying. It would detect distributed-account password spray, but it would not validate impossible-travel detection.

D:

Unexpected exemption or token trust may permit high-risk authentication bypass. It could help triage missing privileged MFA challenge, but it would not validate impossible-travel detection.

Question 99

A local guest identity is unexpectedly added to a privileged group for 30 minutes. Which investigative or response action BEST fits the evidence?

  1. Review mailbox audit, rule creation and token use, then revoke unauthorized forwarding.
  2. Check support tickets and audit trail for account takeover attempts.
  3. Correlate group membership change with session actions and approved elevation procedures.
  4. Block the elevated consent request and review its requester and destination application.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Brief privileged grants can be abused even when quickly removed. Investigate temporary rogue privilege elevation.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Server-side mail rules can persist after credential theft and leak sensitive content. That is relevant to suspicious account behavior and persistence, not to investigate temporary rogue privilege elevation.

B:

Unusual reset volume from one actor can indicate compromised delegated authority. It would triage mass password reset actions, but it would not investigate temporary rogue privilege elevation.

D:

Admin consent can grant broad tenant access to a malicious app. That is relevant to suspicious account behavior and persistence, not to investigate temporary rogue privilege elevation.

Question 100

A new business video platform causes a traffic spike during a company-wide event. What is the MOST appropriate analyst action based on the evidence?

  1. Baseline the approved destination, service account and transfer window to suppress duplicates safely.
  2. Correlate approved scanner account, job schedule and target range to validate benign activity.
  3. Compare protocol purpose and documented device behavior to the alert pattern.
  4. Compare bandwidth, approved app identity and session distribution before declaring a flood.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Legitimate collaboration spikes have contextual corroboration unlike anomalous hostile traffic. Contextualize business video traffic spike.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Known approved automation should not produce recurring unqualified high-severity exfiltration alerts. It would tune verified backup transfer false positive, but it would not contextualize business video traffic spike.

B:

Distinct attribution and scope separate routine asset discovery from intrusions. It could help differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan, but it would not contextualize business video traffic spike.

C:

Periodic traffic alone cannot prove command-and-control activity. That is relevant to mixed benign and malicious traffic, not to contextualize business video traffic spike.


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