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SC-900 Premium File: 259 Questions & Answers

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SC-900 Training Course: 147 Video Lectures

SC-900 PDF Study Guide: 413 Pages

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Microsoft SC-900 Practice Test 20

Question 190

During an infrastructure modernization effort at a financial software company, the incident responder records this concrete requirement: A tenant sees old basic-authentication clients that cannot satisfy modern controls reliably. The solution must address this requirement directly, without replacing unrelated controls. The team implements the following response: Identify and block unwanted legacy authentication flows, migrating clients to modern authentication. Which evidence BEST verifies that the action met its stated purpose?

  1. Review sign-in logs for legacy protocol attempts and verify the block policy outcome.
  2. Inspect role assignments and test which administrative tasks the assignee can perform.
  3. Verify users are cloud-managed and can sign into configured cloud applications.
  4. Review risk detections and affected identities, then confirm the chosen remediation action.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Review sign-in logs for legacy protocol attempts and verify the block policy outcome. Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Inspect role assignments and test which administrative tasks the assignee can perform. This would test entra directory roles, whereas the required evidence is: Review sign-in logs for legacy protocol attempts and verify the block policy outcome.

C:

Verify users are cloud-managed and can sign into configured cloud applications. This would test cloud-only identity, whereas the required evidence is: Review sign-in logs for legacy protocol attempts and verify the block policy outcome.

D:

Review risk detections and affected identities, then confirm the chosen remediation action. This would test microsoft entra id protection, whereas the required evidence is: Review sign-in logs for legacy protocol attempts and verify the block policy outcome.

Question 191

Following a technical incident debrief at a digital payments startup, the security architect has to defend a design against oversimplified assumptions. The requirement is: A tenant sees old basic-authentication clients that cannot satisfy modern controls reliably. The review is limited to the control and concept described by this requirement. Which security, identity, or compliance principle MOST directly explains the appropriate approach?

  1. Member identities typically represent internal tenant users with organizational lifecycle governance.
  2. Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections.
  3. Sign-in risk estimates the chance a given attempt is suspicious; user risk estimates potential identity compromise.
  4. Directory roles define delegated administrative capabilities and should follow least privilege.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections. It explains why the selected measure—Identify and block unwanted legacy authentication flows, migrating clients to modern authentication—fits the specific requirement. It should be verified by checking: Review sign-in logs for legacy protocol attempts and verify the block policy outcome.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Member identities typically represent internal tenant users with organizational lifecycle governance. This describes member user identity; the governing concept here is: Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections.

C:

Sign-in risk estimates the chance a given attempt is suspicious; user risk estimates potential identity compromise. This describes sign-in risk versus user risk; the governing concept here is: Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections.

D:

Directory roles define delegated administrative capabilities and should follow least privilege. This describes entra directory roles; the governing concept here is: Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections.

Question 192

Following a technical incident debrief at a digital payments startup, the security architect has to defend a design against oversimplified assumptions. The requirement is: A tenant sees old basic-authentication clients that cannot satisfy modern controls reliably. The review is limited to the control and concept described by this requirement. Which unsupported assumption would MOST directly undermine this requirement?

  1. Assuming a guest invitation automatically grants all internal directory privileges.
  2. Assuming managed identity means every reachable Azure service automatically permits the workload access.
  3. Assuming legacy username-password protocols offer the same controls as modern token-based sign-in.
  4. Assuming deprovisioning tasks reliably occur without triggering events, scoped workflows, or verification.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Assuming legacy username-password protocols offer the same controls as modern token-based sign-in. This belief conflicts with this control principle: Older authentication protocols can bypass or limit modern conditional identity protections. The appropriate response instead is: Identify and block unwanted legacy authentication flows, migrating clients to modern authentication.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Assuming a guest invitation automatically grants all internal directory privileges. That caution concerns b2b guest collaboration; the specific misconception here is: Assuming legacy username-password protocols offer the same controls as modern token-based sign-in.

B:

Assuming managed identity means every reachable Azure service automatically permits the workload access. That caution concerns managed identity; the specific misconception here is: Assuming legacy username-password protocols offer the same controls as modern token-based sign-in.

D:

Assuming deprovisioning tasks reliably occur without triggering events, scoped workflows, or verification. That caution concerns lifecycle workflows; the specific misconception here is: Assuming legacy username-password protocols offer the same controls as modern token-based sign-in.

Question 193

During a regulated-workload onboarding at a public utility, the identity administrator records this concrete requirement: Access to an app should depend on identity, device compliance, location, or sign-in risk. The solution must address this requirement directly, without replacing unrelated controls. Which primary response BEST meets the requirement?

  1. Define a Conditional Access policy with relevant assignments, conditions, and grant or block controls.
  2. Review sign-in risk for the specific authentication event and user risk for the overall identity.
  3. Configure Entra self-service password reset registration and appropriate verification methods.
  4. Schedule Microsoft Entra access reviews with appropriate reviewers and follow-up actions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Define a Conditional Access policy with relevant assignments, conditions, and grant or block controls. Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions. To verify, use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Review sign-in risk for the specific authentication event and user risk for the overall identity. That addresses a different task: analysts must distinguish suspicious individual authentication events from a potentially compromised identity. The present requirement concerns conditional access signals.

C:

Configure Entra self-service password reset registration and appropriate verification methods. That addresses a different task: helpdesk tickets surge because eligible users cannot reset forgotten passwords without staff assistance. The present requirement concerns conditional access signals.

D:

Schedule Microsoft Entra access reviews with appropriate reviewers and follow-up actions. That addresses a different task: an organization needs periodic confirmation that employees still require access to applications or groups. The present requirement concerns conditional access signals.

Question 194

During a regulated-workload onboarding at a public utility, the identity administrator records this concrete requirement: Access to an app should depend on identity, device compliance, location, or sign-in risk. The solution must address this requirement directly, without replacing unrelated controls. The team implements the following response: Define a Conditional Access policy with relevant assignments, conditions, and grant or block controls. Which evidence BEST verifies that the action met its stated purpose?

  1. Verify users are cloud-managed and can sign into configured cloud applications.
  2. Use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match.
  3. Check user and application objects and successful identity-provider sign-ins in the Entra tenant.
  4. Verify the resource's managed identity is enabled and successfully obtains a token without embedded credentials.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match. Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Verify users are cloud-managed and can sign into configured cloud applications. This would test cloud-only identity, whereas the required evidence is: Use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match.

C:

Check user and application objects and successful identity-provider sign-ins in the Entra tenant. This would test microsoft entra id cloud identity, whereas the required evidence is: Use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match.

D:

Verify the resource's managed identity is enabled and successfully obtains a token without embedded credentials. This would test managed identity, whereas the required evidence is: Use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match.

Question 195

Following a quarterly control assessment at a public transport operator, the compliance analyst has to defend a design against oversimplified assumptions. The requirement is: Access to an app should depend on identity, device compliance, location, or sign-in risk. The review is limited to the control and concept described by this requirement. Which security, identity, or compliance principle MOST directly explains the appropriate approach?

  1. Authentication method availability and targeting should be governed centrally for the tenant.
  2. Microsoft Entra ID is Microsoft's cloud identity and access management service, not a network firewall.
  3. Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions.
  4. Sign-in logs provide evidence of authentication and access policy evaluations.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions. It explains why the selected measure—Define a Conditional Access policy with relevant assignments, conditions, and grant or block controls—fits the specific requirement. It should be verified by checking: Use sign-in policy evaluation and What If analysis to confirm the right users and applications match.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Authentication method availability and targeting should be governed centrally for the tenant. This describes authentication methods policy; the governing concept here is: Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions.

B:

Microsoft Entra ID is Microsoft's cloud identity and access management service, not a network firewall. This describes microsoft entra id cloud identity; the governing concept here is: Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions.

D:

Sign-in logs provide evidence of authentication and access policy evaluations. This describes sign-in logs; the governing concept here is: Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions.

Question 196

Following a quarterly control assessment at a public transport operator, the compliance analyst has to defend a design against oversimplified assumptions. The requirement is: Access to an app should depend on identity, device compliance, location, or sign-in risk. The review is limited to the control and concept described by this requirement. Which unsupported assumption would MOST directly undermine this requirement?

  1. Assuming a guest invitation automatically grants all internal directory privileges.
  2. Assuming a shared spreadsheet of permissions provides the same enforceable request and expiration workflow.
  3. Assuming group membership bypasses all resource-level access checks.
  4. Assuming Conditional Access is a perimeter packet filter that runs before authentication.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Assuming Conditional Access is a perimeter packet filter that runs before authentication. This belief conflicts with this control principle: Conditional Access evaluates identity and contextual signals to enforce defined access decisions. The appropriate response instead is: Define a Conditional Access policy with relevant assignments, conditions, and grant or block controls.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Assuming a guest invitation automatically grants all internal directory privileges. That caution concerns b2b guest collaboration; the specific misconception here is: Assuming Conditional Access is a perimeter packet filter that runs before authentication.

B:

Assuming a shared spreadsheet of permissions provides the same enforceable request and expiration workflow. That caution concerns entitlement management; the specific misconception here is: Assuming Conditional Access is a perimeter packet filter that runs before authentication.

C:

Assuming group membership bypasses all resource-level access checks. That caution concerns groups for access; the specific misconception here is: Assuming Conditional Access is a perimeter packet filter that runs before authentication.

Question 197

During an operational risk workshop at a hospitality operator, the SOC lead records this concrete requirement: Remote access to a finance app should require MFA for the targeted user group. The solution must address this requirement directly, without replacing unrelated controls. Which primary response BEST meets the requirement?

  1. Identify and block unwanted legacy authentication flows, migrating clients to modern authentication.
  2. Target the app and user group with a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA.
  3. Enable supported FIDO2 security-key authentication and register keys for the targeted users.
  4. Plan supported hybrid identity synchronization or federation for the required identity relationship.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Target the app and user group with a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA. Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access. To verify, review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Identify and block unwanted legacy authentication flows, migrating clients to modern authentication. That addresses a different task: a tenant sees old basic-authentication clients that cannot satisfy modern controls reliably. The present requirement concerns conditional access mfa requirement.

C:

Enable supported FIDO2 security-key authentication and register keys for the targeted users. That addresses a different task: high-risk users need phishing-resistant authentication with a physical security key. The present requirement concerns conditional access mfa requirement.

D:

Plan supported hybrid identity synchronization or federation for the required identity relationship. That addresses a different task: a company maintains on-premises Active Directory while users also need Microsoft cloud sign-in. The present requirement concerns conditional access mfa requirement.

Question 198

During an operational risk workshop at a hospitality operator, the SOC lead records this concrete requirement: Remote access to a finance app should require MFA for the targeted user group. The solution must address this requirement directly, without replacing unrelated controls. The team implements the following response: Target the app and user group with a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA. Which evidence BEST verifies that the action met its stated purpose?

  1. Review group membership and validate that application access follows changes in the group.
  2. Test password-change outcomes against permitted and blocked patterns without exposing user secrets.
  3. Review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement.
  4. Confirm an accepted FIDO2 method in authentication-method registration and a phishing-resistant sign-in.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement. Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Review group membership and validate that application access follows changes in the group. This would test groups for access, whereas the required evidence is: Review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement.

B:

Test password-change outcomes against permitted and blocked patterns without exposing user secrets. This would test password protection, whereas the required evidence is: Review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement.

D:

Confirm an accepted FIDO2 method in authentication-method registration and a phishing-resistant sign-in. This would test fido2 security key, whereas the required evidence is: Review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement.

Question 199

Following a control design challenge at a manufacturer with remote factories, the risk manager has to defend a design against oversimplified assumptions. The requirement is: Remote access to a finance app should require MFA for the targeted user group. The review is limited to the control and concept described by this requirement. Which security, identity, or compliance principle MOST directly explains the appropriate approach?

  1. Cloud-only identities can be managed entirely in Microsoft Entra without on-premises directory synchronization.
  2. A service principal is an application or workload security identity, not an interactive human user.
  3. Lifecycle automation reduces manual drift when employment or role status changes.
  4. Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access. It explains why the selected measure—Target the app and user group with a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA—fits the specific requirement. It should be verified by checking: Review targeted sign-ins to verify the user completed the MFA requirement.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Cloud-only identities can be managed entirely in Microsoft Entra without on-premises directory synchronization. This describes cloud-only identity; the governing concept here is: Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access.

B:

A service principal is an application or workload security identity, not an interactive human user. This describes service principal; the governing concept here is: Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access.

C:

Lifecycle automation reduces manual drift when employment or role status changes. This describes lifecycle workflows; the governing concept here is: Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access.

Question 200

Following a control design challenge at a manufacturer with remote factories, the risk manager has to defend a design against oversimplified assumptions. The requirement is: Remote access to a finance app should require MFA for the targeted user group. The review is limited to the control and concept described by this requirement. Which unsupported assumption would MOST directly undermine this requirement?

  1. Assuming a policy in report-only mode is already enforcing its grant requirements.
  2. Assuming access approved once during onboarding never needs re-evaluation.
  3. Assuming group membership bypasses all resource-level access checks.
  4. Assuming a local Windows PIN is sent directly to every remote service as the account password.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Assuming a policy in report-only mode is already enforcing its grant requirements. This belief conflicts with this control principle: Conditional Access grant controls can require additional authentication before protected app access. The appropriate response instead is: Target the app and user group with a Conditional Access policy requiring MFA.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Assuming access approved once during onboarding never needs re-evaluation. That caution concerns access reviews; the specific misconception here is: Assuming a policy in report-only mode is already enforcing its grant requirements.

C:

Assuming group membership bypasses all resource-level access checks. That caution concerns groups for access; the specific misconception here is: Assuming a policy in report-only mode is already enforcing its grant requirements.

D:

Assuming a local Windows PIN is sent directly to every remote service as the account password. That caution concerns windows hello for business; the specific misconception here is: Assuming a policy in report-only mode is already enforcing its grant requirements.


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