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CompTIA CS0-003 Practice Test 14

Question 130

A workstation's system hosts file redirects internal update sites to unknown public IPs. What is the MOST appropriate analyst action based on the evidence?

  1. Compare golden image hash and deployment change record before declaring distributed malware.
  2. Preserve the hosts-file modification and restore known trusted name resolution.
  3. Inspect extension publisher, permissions and deployment source before disabling suspected abuse.
  4. Verify actual process creation and child actions rather than assuming execution.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Host-file tampering can redirect sensitive requests outside DNS controls. Identify endpoint hosts-file redirection.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Shared deployment error can explain coordinated startup changes across devices. It would distinguish image rollout change from distributed compromise, but it would not identify endpoint hosts-file redirection.

C:

Browser extensions can read sensitive web data when granted sweeping permissions. That is relevant to suspicious persistence across endpoints, not to identify endpoint hosts-file redirection.

D:

Prevention events do not necessarily indicate successful payload launch. It would establish whether blocked email payload executed, but it would not identify endpoint hosts-file redirection.

Question 131

An IoT health sensor queries NTP every few minutes and a detector flags periodic DNS. Which next step is MOST defensible for the security team?

  1. Correlate approved scanner account, job schedule and target range to validate benign activity.
  2. Baseline the approved destination, service account and transfer window to suppress duplicates safely.
  3. Compare protocol purpose and documented device behavior to the alert pattern.
  4. Compare bandwidth, approved app identity and session distribution before declaring a flood.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Periodic traffic alone cannot prove command-and-control activity. Validate IoT periodic communications.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Distinct attribution and scope separate routine asset discovery from intrusions. It could help differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan, but it would not validate IoT periodic communications.

B:

Known approved automation should not produce recurring unqualified high-severity exfiltration alerts. That is relevant to mixed benign and malicious traffic, not to validate IoT periodic communications.

D:

Legitimate collaboration spikes have contextual corroboration unlike anomalous hostile traffic. It could help contextualize business video traffic spike, but it would not validate IoT periodic communications.

Question 132

A customer-facing service stalls after a scheduled database maintenance change. Which action BEST aligns with sound security operations?

  1. Examine SYN backlog and source distribution, then activate appropriate SYN-flood protection.
  2. Assess traffic distribution and application resource saturation before applying rate limits.
  3. Isolate the rogue bridge and validate spanning-tree and loop prevention telemetry.
  4. Correlate database change time, pool errors and transaction latency before calling it an attack.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Service interruption alone is insufficient to prove hostile traffic. Distinguish deployment outage from attack.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unfinished TCP handshakes can exhaust connection state resources. That is relevant to network denial and disruption, not to distinguish deployment outage from attack.

B:

Distributed request floods require distinction from legitimate demand spikes. It would triage distributed application-layer denial, but it would not distinguish deployment outage from attack.

C:

Layer-two loops can overwhelm a LAN without any attacker C2 traffic. It could help diagnose switching-loop disruption, but it would not distinguish deployment outage from attack.

Question 133

A backup service uploads nightly archives to a designated partner endpoint, matching its change ticket. Which response BEST addresses the security problem described?

  1. Baseline the approved destination, service account and transfer window to suppress duplicates safely.
  2. Correlate approved scanner account, job schedule and target range to validate benign activity.
  3. Compare bandwidth, approved app identity and session distribution before declaring a flood.
  4. Compare protocol purpose and documented device behavior to the alert pattern.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Known approved automation should not produce recurring unqualified high-severity exfiltration alerts. Tune verified backup transfer false positive.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Distinct attribution and scope separate routine asset discovery from intrusions. It could help differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan, but it would not tune verified backup transfer false positive.

C:

Legitimate collaboration spikes have contextual corroboration unlike anomalous hostile traffic. That is relevant to mixed benign and malicious traffic, not to tune verified backup transfer false positive.

D:

Periodic traffic alone cannot prove command-and-control activity. It would validate IoT periodic communications, but it would not tune verified backup transfer false positive.

Question 134

A cloud host downloads a remote script and starts a compute instance outside standard deployment. Which investigative or response action BEST fits the evidence?

  1. Review API audit caller and admission policy exceptions for privilege escalation.
  2. Link cloud API creation, instance metadata and process telemetry to the initiating identity.
  3. Correlate the access-key identity, source network, bucket permissions and downloaded bytes.
  4. Check consent grants, effective scopes and outbound message records for abuse.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Abuse can cross control-plane provisioning and guest execution. Correlate suspicious cloud provisioning.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Container privilege requests are meaningful only with RBAC and admission context. It could help investigate unauthorized privileged pod launch, but it would not correlate suspicious cloud provisioning.

C:

Unexpected mass object access may indicate stolen cloud credentials. It would triage suspicious cloud object enumeration, but it would not correlate suspicious cloud provisioning.

D:

Delegated app permissions enable mailbox operations without interactive sign-ins. It could help investigate malicious OAuth mail delegation, but it would not correlate suspicious cloud provisioning.

Question 135

An application service starts returning authorization errors after role definitions were modified. What is the MOST appropriate analyst action based on the evidence?

  1. Correlate denied object paths and identity permissions for enumeration attempts.
  2. Check expiration, audience restrictions and access patterns for link leakage.
  3. Compare IAM policy changes and denied API operations with expected application permissions.
  4. Mask sensitive configuration values in logs and rotate the leaked token.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Unexpected access denial may reflect legitimate least privilege or a broken deployment. Diagnose cloud permission regression.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Systematic 403 access patterns can signal attempts to locate accessible sensitive objects. That is relevant to cloud data exposure and application logs, not to diagnose cloud permission regression.

B:

Bearer URLs can be reused if not appropriately scoped or short-lived. It would investigate exposed object pre-signed URL, but it would not diagnose cloud permission regression.

D:

Logging secrets can expose credentials to broad observer groups. That is relevant to cloud data exposure and application logs, not to diagnose cloud permission regression.

Question 136

An Office document spawns PowerShell followed by an external HTTPS session. Which next step is MOST defensible for the security team?

  1. Capture command arguments and mapped module evidence before host isolation.
  2. Trace browser download, child process and task creation to establish the execution chain.
  3. Validate the DLL path, signature and parent load behavior for possible sideloading.
  4. Examine the document macro, child command and network destination in the EDR timeline.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Office-to-shell ancestry is suspicious when followed by external communication. Investigate Office-launched script execution.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Living-off-the-land utilities can load unexpected content through valid binaries. It would triage rundll32 remote module execution, but it would not investigate Office-launched script execution.

B:

Signed system tools can be abused for persistence after browser compromise. It could help correlate browser-to-LOLBin persistence, but it would not investigate Office-launched script execution.

C:

Trusted parent processes can execute malicious libraries through unsafe search paths. That is relevant to suspicious windows process trees, not to investigate Office-launched script execution.

Question 137

A laptop contacts a fast-flux domain whose answers change among many unrelated IP addresses. Which action BEST aligns with sound security operations?

  1. Enrich DNS resolutions with reputation and passive-DNS history before blocking infrastructure.
  2. Review queried domains and process tree for domain-generation-algorithm behavior.
  3. Check the new vendor's documented TXT discovery behavior before classifying maliciousness.
  4. Correlate query lengths, unique labels and host process evidence for DNS tunneling.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Rapid answer churn may indicate resilient malicious hosting rather than routine CDN use. Evaluate suspicious fast-flux DNS.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Repeated failed pseudo-random lookups are common to generated rendezvous attempts. That is relevant to dns behavior and tunneling, not to evaluate suspicious fast-flux DNS.

C:

Legitimate service discovery can use TXT records and must be distinguished by context. It would validate benign TXT query spike, but it would not evaluate suspicious fast-flux DNS.

D:

Unusual high-entropy subdomain streams can carry encoded data through DNS. It could help triage DNS tunneling pattern, but it would not evaluate suspicious fast-flux DNS.

Question 138

A sanctioned monitoring tool runs a scheduled SMB inventory, resembling lateral scanning. Which response BEST addresses the security problem described?

  1. Compare bandwidth, approved app identity and session distribution before declaring a flood.
  2. Correlate approved scanner account, job schedule and target range to validate benign activity.
  3. Baseline the approved destination, service account and transfer window to suppress duplicates safely.
  4. Compare protocol purpose and documented device behavior to the alert pattern.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Distinct attribution and scope separate routine asset discovery from intrusions. Differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Legitimate collaboration spikes have contextual corroboration unlike anomalous hostile traffic. That is relevant to mixed benign and malicious traffic, not to differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan.

C:

Known approved automation should not produce recurring unqualified high-severity exfiltration alerts. It could help tune verified backup transfer false positive, but it would not differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan.

D:

Periodic traffic alone cannot prove command-and-control activity. That is relevant to mixed benign and malicious traffic, not to differentiate sanctioned SMB asset scan.

Question 139

The sshd process unexpectedly creates an outbound interactive shell from a web-exposed host. Which investigative or response action BEST fits the evidence?

  1. Correlate HTTP request parameters with process executions and application vulnerability evidence.
  2. Inspect process arguments, image provenance and external mining-pool connections.
  3. Inspect process ancestry, accepted sessions and destination network flow for shell access.
  4. Check cron change audit logs, file ownership and binary hash against change records.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Service-child behavior can indicate exploit-driven command execution or abused SSH sessions. Investigate anomalous sshd child shell.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Web-server children executing shells suggest possible command injection. It would detect web application command execution, but it would not investigate anomalous sshd child shell.

B:

Sustained compute consumption can reflect cryptojacking, but resource evidence needs attribution. It could help investigate suspected cryptominer activity, but it would not investigate anomalous sshd child shell.

D:

Privileged persistence in writable locations is high risk without authorization. It would triage malicious root cron persistence, but it would not investigate anomalous sshd child shell.

Question 140

An API gateway sees a sudden request surge from thousands of unrelated addresses with high error rates. What is the MOST appropriate analyst action based on the evidence?

  1. Examine SYN backlog and source distribution, then activate appropriate SYN-flood protection.
  2. Isolate the rogue bridge and validate spanning-tree and loop prevention telemetry.
  3. Correlate database change time, pool errors and transaction latency before calling it an attack.
  4. Assess traffic distribution and application resource saturation before applying rate limits.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Distributed request floods require distinction from legitimate demand spikes. Triage distributed application-layer denial.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Unfinished TCP handshakes can exhaust connection state resources. It could help identify TCP SYN flooding, but it would not triage distributed application-layer denial.

B:

Layer-two loops can overwhelm a LAN without any attacker C2 traffic. That is relevant to network denial and disruption, not to triage distributed application-layer denial.

C:

Service interruption alone is insufficient to prove hostile traffic. It would distinguish deployment outage from attack, but it would not triage distributed application-layer denial.


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