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CompTIA CAS-005 Practice Test 37

Question 360

A device's measured boot digest changes after an unapproved firmware update. What should the enterprise security architect or analyst do NEXT?

  1. Bind key handling to TPM and enterprise escrow policies.
  2. Investigate attestation and key export policy violations.
  3. Provision unique vTPM state and segregate tenant ownership.
  4. Compare PCR measurements to trusted baselines and investigate.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Measured boot provides evidence, not automatic acceptance. The controlling fact is: A device's measured boot digest changes after an unapproved firmware update.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The reported condition calls for this action: Compare PCR measurements to trusted baselines and investigate.

B:

The current facts call for this action: compare PCR measurements to trusted baselines and investigate.

C:

Virtual hardware roots of trust must remain isolated. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: virtual desktops clone a virtual TPM identity between tenants. The proper immediate action is to compare PCR measurements to trusted baselines and investigate.

Question 361

Firmware measurements are captured but a remote verifier never checks them. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Apply attestation policy against known-good measurements.
  2. Enforce Secure Boot trust and investigate firmware startup chain.
  3. Preserve necessary evidence before approved trusted firmware recovery.
  4. Verify vendor signature and trusted update channel before deployment.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Measured boot is useful only when evaluated. The controlling fact is: Firmware measurements are captured but a remote verifier never checks them.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The current facts call for this action: apply attestation policy against known-good measurements.

C:

Self-healing should not destroy essential incident artifacts. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a detected firmware alteration triggers an automatic reinstall that erases forensic evidence. The proper immediate action is to apply attestation policy against known-good measurements.

D:

The reported condition calls for this action: Apply attestation policy against known-good measurements.

Question 362

An attacker could connect a rogue USB device to an unattended industrial console. Which action is the BEST response to the security requirement?

  1. Use evaluated tamper-resistant modules and documented incident replacement.
  2. Use port restrictions, device control and physical access safeguards.
  3. Use appropriate shielding and verified equipment ratings.
  4. Connect sensors to monitored response with access logs.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Physical interfaces can bypass normal remote access policy. The controlling fact is: An attacker could connect a rogue USB device to an unattended industrial console.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Using evaluated tamper-resistant modules and documented incident replacement would not meet the need for physical access control.

C:

Environment constraints affect hardware reliability and integrity. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a secure device must operate near severe electromagnetic interference. The proper immediate action is to use port restrictions, device control and physical access safeguards.

D:

Connecting sensors to monitored response with access logs would not meet the need for physical access control.

Question 363

One cloud operator can both issue and approve key deletion. Which control or decision MOST directly resolves the stated gap?

  1. Test quorum-held recovery procedures and protected backup material.
  2. Move high-value key operations to controlled HSM-backed custody.
  3. Separate duties and require quorum or controlled authorization.
  4. Use approved hardware scaling or acceleration without exporting keys.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Key-management governance should prevent unilateral destruction. The controlling fact is: One cloud operator can both issue and approve key deletion.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Testing quorum-held recovery procedures and protected backup material would not separate duties and require quorum or controlled authorization.

B:

The current facts call for this action: separate duties and require quorum or controlled authorization.

D:

Using approved hardware scaling or acceleration without exporting keys would not separate duties and require quorum or controlled authorization.

Question 364

A cryptographic operation slows down processing and engineers propose disabling authentication tags. What is the appropriate security response for this scenario?

  1. Use an appropriately attested enclave with narrowly scoped secrets.
  2. Require remote attestation before releasing confidential inputs.
  3. Apply mitigations and reassess whether isolation remains sufficient.
  4. Use approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Performance must not eliminate integrity verification. The controlling fact is: A cryptographic operation slows down processing and engineers propose disabling authentication tags.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The reported condition calls for this action: Use approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption.

B:

The current facts call for this action: use approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption.

C:

Hardware security boundaries are subject to implementation flaws. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a device relies on an outdated CPU security extension vulnerable to known side channels. The proper immediate action is to use approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption.

Question 365

A signing service performance bottleneck leads engineers to export private keys into software. Which control or decision MOST directly resolves the stated gap?

  1. Use approved hardware scaling or acceleration without exporting keys.
  2. Test quorum-held recovery procedures and protected backup material.
  3. Move high-value key operations to controlled HSM-backed custody.
  4. Separate duties and require quorum or controlled authorization.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Performance fixes cannot discard private-key protection. The controlling fact is: A signing service performance bottleneck leads engineers to export private keys into software.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The current facts call for this action: use approved hardware scaling or acceleration without exporting keys.

C:

Root signing keys need isolation from application compromise. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: an online signing service stores its root CA key in the same general-purpose app server. The proper immediate action is to use approved hardware scaling or acceleration without exporting keys.

D:

The reported condition calls for this action: Use approved hardware scaling or acceleration without exporting keys.

Question 366

Virtual desktops clone a virtual TPM identity between tenants. What is the appropriate security response for this scenario?

  1. Compare PCR measurements to trusted baselines and investigate.
  2. Provision unique vTPM state and segregate tenant ownership.
  3. Bind key handling to TPM and enterprise escrow policies.
  4. Investigate attestation and key export policy violations.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Virtual hardware roots of trust must remain isolated. The controlling fact is: Virtual desktops clone a virtual TPM identity between tenants.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Comparing PCR measurements to trusted baselines and investigating would not provision unique vTPM state and segregate tenant ownership.

C:

Trusted hardware protection requires controlled recovery paths. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: laptop disks are encrypted but recovery keys are exported from unmanaged endpoints. The proper immediate action is to provision unique vTPM state and segregate tenant ownership.

D:

Investigating attestation and key export policy violations would not provision unique vTPM state and segregate tenant ownership.

Question 367

A server's firmware update was applied from an unsigned USB package. What should the enterprise security architect or analyst do NEXT?

  1. Apply attestation policy against known-good measurements.
  2. Enforce Secure Boot trust and investigate firmware startup chain.
  3. Verify vendor signature and trusted update channel before deployment.
  4. Preserve necessary evidence before approved trusted firmware recovery.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Firmware update provenance is a major trust boundary. The controlling fact is: A server's firmware update was applied from an unsigned USB package.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Applying attestation policy against known-good measurements would not verify vendor signature and trusted update channel.

B:

The current facts call for this action: verify vendor signature and trusted update channel before deployment.

D:

Preserving necessary evidence would not verify vendor signature and trusted update channel.

Question 368

A secure device must operate near severe electromagnetic interference. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Use evaluated tamper-resistant modules and documented incident replacement.
  2. Connect sensors to monitored response with access logs.
  3. Use port restrictions, device control and physical access safeguards.
  4. Use appropriate shielding and verified equipment ratings.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Environment constraints affect hardware reliability and integrity. The controlling fact is: A secure device must operate near severe electromagnetic interference.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The reported condition calls for this action: Use appropriate shielding and verified equipment ratings.

B:

The current facts call for this action: use appropriate shielding and verified equipment ratings.

C:

Physical interfaces can bypass normal remote access policy. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: an attacker could connect a rogue USB device to an unattended industrial console. The proper immediate action is to use appropriate shielding and verified equipment ratings.

Question 369

An application claims enclave execution but clients never verify the enclave measurement. Which action is the BEST response to the security requirement?

  1. Require remote attestation before releasing confidential inputs.
  2. Use approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption.
  3. Apply mitigations and reassess whether isolation remains sufficient.
  4. Use an appropriately attested enclave with narrowly scoped secrets.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Unverified isolated execution is only a claim. The controlling fact is: An application claims enclave execution but clients never verify the enclave measurement.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The current facts call for this action: require remote attestation before releasing confidential inputs.

C:

Hardware security boundaries are subject to implementation flaws. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a device relies on an outdated CPU security extension vulnerable to known side channels. The proper immediate action is to require remote attestation before releasing confidential inputs.

D:

The reported condition calls for this action: Require remote attestation before releasing confidential inputs.

Question 370

A device relies on an outdated CPU security extension vulnerable to known side channels. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Require remote attestation before releasing confidential inputs.
  2. Apply mitigations and reassess whether isolation remains sufficient.
  3. Use an appropriately attested enclave with narrowly scoped secrets.
  4. Use approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Hardware security boundaries are subject to implementation flaws. The controlling fact is: A device relies on an outdated CPU security extension vulnerable to known side channels.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Requiring remote attestation would not apply mitigations and reassess whether isolation remains sufficient.

C:

Trusted execution can reduce host exposure but not eliminate all risks. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a confidential analytics service wants to protect selected computations from the host OS. The proper immediate action is to apply mitigations and reassess whether isolation remains sufficient.

D:

Using approved hardware acceleration while retaining authenticated encryption would not apply mitigations and reassess whether isolation remains sufficient.


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