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Last Update: Oct 24, 2026

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CompTIA CAS-005 Practice Test 17

Question 160

A customer demands a machine-readable inventory of included software components. What should the enterprise security architect or analyst do NEXT?

  1. Require contractually useful provenance and dependency transparency.
  2. Verify build attestation and trusted pipeline identity beyond signature presence.
  3. Pin signed dependencies and enforce reviewed source provenance.
  4. Generate and retain an accurate SBOM for each released artifact.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Component visibility supports vulnerability response. The controlling fact is: A customer demands a machine-readable inventory of included software components.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The reported condition calls for this action: Generate and retain an accurate SBOM for each released artifact.

B:

The current facts call for this action: generate and retain an accurate SBOM for each released artifact.

C:

Reproducible inputs reduce supply-chain substitution risk. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a software release is built from unpinned external packages that can change without review. The proper immediate action is to generate and retain an accurate SBOM for each released artifact.

Question 161

A hospital system's authentication burden prevents clinicians from accessing emergency records. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Design a controlled emergency workflow with audit and heightened review.
  2. Add explicit tenant isolation and authorization acceptance criteria.
  3. Define latency, uptime and recovery nonfunctional targets.
  4. Evaluate usability improvements that preserve policy enforcement.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Usability constraints require governed alternatives, not absent security. The controlling fact is: A hospital system's authentication burden prevents clinicians from accessing emergency records.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The current facts call for this action: design a controlled emergency workflow with audit and heightened review.

C:

Unmeasurable security objectives cannot be validated. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a product says it must be secure but gives no measurable availability goal. The proper immediate action is to design a controlled emergency workflow with audit and heightened review.

D:

The reported condition calls for this action: Design a controlled emergency workflow with audit and heightened review.

Question 162

A deployed test service needs probing for runtime input and authentication failures. Which action is the BEST response to the security requirement?

  1. Add SAST to pull request checks and route findings to code owners.
  2. Use DAST in an authorized test environment with representative user flows.
  3. Run software composition analysis and inspect reachable use of the component.
  4. Evaluate runtime protection with bounded policies and performance tests.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Dynamic testing examines the running surface. The controlling fact is: A deployed test service needs probing for runtime input and authentication failures.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Adding SAST to pull request checks and routing findings to code owners would not meet the need for dAST in an authorized test environment with representative user flows.

C:

Transitive dependencies contribute to attack surface. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a package contains a vulnerable transitive dependency absent from the source team's inventory. The proper immediate action is to use DAST in an authorized test environment with representative user flows.

D:

Evaluating runtime protection with bounded policies and performance tests would not meet the need for dAST in an authorized test environment with representative user flows.

Question 163

Two code reviewers approve changes without verifying the required second-factor branch. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Record the concern with acceptance authority and a concrete remediation decision.
  2. Gate release on authorization tests reflecting the changed policy.
  3. Use security-focused reviews with explicit authentication invariants.
  4. Apply formal properties or model checking to essential invariants.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Human review quality depends on tested criteria. The controlling fact is: Two code reviewers approve changes without verifying the required second-factor branch.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Recording the concern with acceptance authority and a concrete remediation decision would not meet the need for security-focused reviews with explicit authentication invariants.

B:

The current facts call for this action: use security-focused reviews with explicit authentication invariants.

D:

Applying formal properties or model checking to essential invariants would not meet the need for security-focused reviews with explicit authentication invariants. Human review quality depends on tested criteria.

Question 164

A product certification covers a hardware revision different from the delivered version. Which action is the BEST response to the security requirement?

  1. Plan a controlled upgrade or isolation with explicit risk acceptance.
  2. Require verified recovery image and safe maintenance strategy.
  3. Verify trusted manufacture and firmware integrity before installation.
  4. Verify model, firmware and certification scope for the actual device.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Assurance is version-specific. The controlling fact is: A product certification covers a hardware revision different from the delivered version.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The reported condition calls for this action: Verify model, firmware and certification scope for the actual device.

B:

The current facts call for this action: verify model, firmware and certification scope for the actual device.

C:

Hardware supply chain is part of the trusted computing base. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: replacement network cards arrive without firmware signatures or authentic provenance evidence. The proper immediate action is to verify model, firmware and certification scope for the actual device.

Question 165

A critical encryption library update passes unit tests but fails in one hardware accelerator. Which control or decision MOST directly resolves the stated gap?

  1. Test representative integration and interoperability before promotion.
  2. Run regression and integration tests across supported clients.
  3. Design and test state-compatible rollback or forward recovery.
  4. Use canary rollout with health gates and automatic rollback.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Unit tests cannot validate environment-specific cryptographic interfaces. The controlling fact is: A critical encryption library update passes unit tests but fails in one hardware accelerator.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The current facts call for this action: test representative integration and interoperability before promotion.

C:

Safe release recovery includes data state, not only binaries. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a rollback restores code but leaves an incompatible database migration behind. The proper immediate action is to test representative integration and interoperability before promotion.

D:

The reported condition calls for this action: Test representative integration and interoperability before promotion.

Question 166

A signed artifact uses a legitimate vendor certificate but comes from an unauthorized build job. What is the appropriate security response for this scenario?

  1. Generate and retain an accurate SBOM for each released artifact.
  2. Verify build attestation and trusted pipeline identity beyond signature presence.
  3. Require contractually useful provenance and dependency transparency.
  4. Pin signed dependencies and enforce reviewed source provenance.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A signature alone cannot explain which workflow produced code. The controlling fact is: A signed artifact uses a legitimate vendor certificate but comes from an unauthorized build job.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Generating and retaining an accurate SBOM for each released artifact would not verify build attestation and trusted pipeline identity beyond signature presence.

C:

Third-party risk extends below the direct supplier. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a new supplier component arrives without disclosure of its own build dependencies. The proper immediate action is to verify build attestation and trusted pipeline identity beyond signature presence.

D:

Pin signed dependencies and enforce reviewed source provenance would not verify build attestation and trusted pipeline identity beyond signature presence. A signature alone cannot explain which workflow produced code.

Question 167

A product says it must be secure but gives no measurable availability goal. What should the enterprise security architect or analyst do NEXT?

  1. Design a controlled emergency workflow with audit and heightened review.
  2. Add explicit tenant isolation and authorization acceptance criteria.
  3. Define latency, uptime and recovery nonfunctional targets.
  4. Evaluate usability improvements that preserve policy enforcement.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Unmeasurable security objectives cannot be validated. The controlling fact is: A product says it must be secure but gives no measurable availability goal.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Designing a controlled emergency workflow with audit and heightened review would not define latency, uptime and recovery nonfunctional targets.

B:

The current facts call for this action: define latency, uptime and recovery nonfunctional targets.

D:

Evaluating usability improvements that preserve policy enforcement would not define latency, uptime and recovery nonfunctional targets.

Question 168

A code scanning job runs after artifacts are publicly deployed. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Use immutable signed artifacts and provenance attestations.
  2. Use controlled emergency approval and preserve branch protections and logs.
  3. Use isolated short-lived identities and secrets scoped to each pipeline stage.
  4. Move essential security gates before release with controlled exceptions.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Preventive checks should execute before exposure. The controlling fact is: A code scanning job runs after artifacts are publicly deployed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The reported condition calls for this action: Move essential security gates before release with controlled exceptions.

B:

The current facts call for this action: move essential security gates before release with controlled exceptions.

C:

Build environments must not inherit deployment powers. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a compromised build runner can read production credentials despite only running tests. The proper immediate action is to move essential security gates before release with controlled exceptions.

Question 169

A production workload needs monitoring that can associate dangerous inputs with executing code paths. Which action is the BEST response to the security requirement?

  1. Evaluate runtime protection with bounded policies and performance tests.
  2. Add SAST to pull request checks and route findings to code owners.
  3. Run software composition analysis and inspect reachable use of the component.
  4. Use DAST in an authorized test environment with representative user flows.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Runtime context differs from offline static scanning. The controlling fact is: A production workload needs monitoring that can associate dangerous inputs with executing code paths.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The current facts call for this action: evaluate runtime protection with bounded policies and performance tests.

C:

Transitive dependencies contribute to attack surface. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a package contains a vulnerable transitive dependency absent from the source team's inventory. The proper immediate action is to evaluate runtime protection with bounded policies and performance tests.

D:

The reported condition calls for this action: Evaluate runtime protection with bounded policies and performance tests.

Question 170

A merge request changes access policy without updating integration tests. Which action is MOST defensible given these facts?

  1. Use security-focused reviews with explicit authentication invariants.
  2. Gate release on authorization tests reflecting the changed policy.
  3. Record the concern with acceptance authority and a concrete remediation decision.
  4. Apply formal properties or model checking to essential invariants.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Security requirements must remain executable through change. The controlling fact is: A merge request changes access policy without updating integration tests.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Using security-focused reviews with explicit authentication invariants would not address the need for gate release on authorization tests reflecting the changed policy.

C:

Design risk needs accountable disposition. The scenario does not present the alternate condition: a threat review finds a risky dependency but the code owner dismisses it as out of scope. The proper immediate action is to gate release on authorization tests reflecting the changed policy.

D:

Applying formal properties or model checking to essential invariants would not address the need for gate release on authorization tests reflecting the changed policy.


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