Question 740
After Starlight IP Services deploys Y.1731 Ethernet delay measurement to measure frame delay and loss across a provisioned Ethernet service, the primary acceptance check passes (the provider obtains delay or frame-loss measurements for the contracted EVC). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- Accurate root and leaf port roles are essential for policy enforcement.
- Rapidly flapping customer MACs can still trigger mobility dampening.
- Customer AS loop-prevention design needs review across multiple sites.
- Measurement accuracy depends on platform clock and path support.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The relevant boundary of Y.1731 Ethernet delay measurement is that measurement accuracy depends on platform clock and path support. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to E-Tree root and leaf isolation in a different scenario where operators need to allow a hub to reach remote leaves while preventing leaf-to-leaf communication. For the deployed Y.1731 Ethernet delay measurement approach, the relevant caution is instead that measurement accuracy depends on platform clock and path support.
B:This concern applies to EVPN MAC mobility control in a different scenario where operators need to maintain forwarding when a customer virtual machine moves between EVPN access PEs. For the deployed Y.1731 Ethernet delay measurement approach, the relevant caution is instead that measurement accuracy depends on platform clock and path support.
C:This concern applies to PE to CE BGP routing in a different scenario where operators need to exchange customer subnet routes at a provider L3VPN boundary. For the deployed Y.1731 Ethernet delay measurement approach, the relevant caution is instead that measurement accuracy depends on platform clock and path support.
Question 741
Northstar Carrier must deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- VLAN tag pop at handoff
- E-Tree root and leaf isolation
- controlled Internet breakout
- MLD IPv6 membership
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:VLAN tag pop at handoff matches this requirement: the team should apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary. A relevant outcome would be that the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
Incorrect Answers
B:E-Tree root and leaf isolation instead addresses a different condition: allow a hub to reach remote leaves while preventing leaf-to-leaf communication. It would instead require you to configure an E-Tree rooted multipoint Ethernet service with leaf restrictions, not the stated goal to deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag.
C:controlled Internet breakout instead addresses a different condition: provide Internet access for an L3VPN tenant without leaking private customer prefixes. It would instead require you to place an explicit default-route or shared-services handoff inside the authorized VPN routing design, not the stated goal to deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag.
D:MLD IPv6 membership instead addresses a different condition: enable an IPv6 receiver to join multicast groups on the first-hop router. It would instead require you to activate the appropriate MLD behavior on the IPv6 multicast access, not the stated goal to deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag.
Question 742
At Orion Transit, the engineering change is approved for VLAN tag pop at handoff. The specific goal is to deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Configure an E-Tree rooted multipoint Ethernet service with leaf restrictions.
- Apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary.
- Place an explicit default-route or shared-services handoff inside the authorized VPN routing design.
- Activate the appropriate MLD behavior on the IPv6 multicast access.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:Implementing VLAN tag pop at handoff requires the operator to apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for E-Tree root and leaf isolation, whose purpose is to allow a hub to reach remote leaves while preventing leaf-to-leaf communication. It would not perform the necessary VLAN tag pop at handoff operation: apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary.
C:The proposed step is for controlled Internet breakout, whose purpose is to provide Internet access for an L3VPN tenant without leaking private customer prefixes. It would not perform the necessary VLAN tag pop at handoff operation: apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary.
D:The proposed step is for MLD IPv6 membership, whose purpose is to enable an IPv6 receiver to join multicast groups on the first-hop router. It would not perform the necessary VLAN tag pop at handoff operation: apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary.
Question 743
Meridian Networks has deployed VLAN tag pop at handoff to deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag. The implementation step was to apply an explicit VLAN tag rewrite pop operation at the intended EFP boundary. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- Leaf nodes exchange frames with the root but not directly with one another.
- Tenant traffic reaches a controlled egress while internal VPN routes remain isolated.
- The customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
- IPv6 group membership state is present and traffic is forwarded to the receiver.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:For VLAN tag pop at handoff, successful verification means that the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
A:The observation would verify E-Tree root and leaf isolation under the separate requirement to allow a hub to reach remote leaves while preventing leaf-to-leaf communication. It does not demonstrate the needed VLAN tag pop at handoff result: the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
B:The observation would verify controlled Internet breakout under the separate requirement to provide Internet access for an L3VPN tenant without leaking private customer prefixes. It does not demonstrate the needed VLAN tag pop at handoff result: the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
D:The observation would verify MLD IPv6 membership under the separate requirement to enable an IPv6 receiver to join multicast groups on the first-hop router. It does not demonstrate the needed VLAN tag pop at handoff result: the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
Question 744
While troubleshooting VLAN tag pop at handoff at Kestrel Broadband, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- An E-LAN service permits prohibited lateral leaf communication.
- A global default route is assumed automatically present in every VRF.
- IPv4 IGMP signaling is used expecting IPv6 MLD state to appear.
- The S-tag leaks to a customer interface contracted for untagged delivery.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The suspected defect directly frustrates VLAN tag pop at handoff: the S-tag leaks to a customer interface contracted for untagged delivery. Correcting it should allow verification that the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag.
Incorrect Answers
A:This defect belongs to E-Tree root and leaf isolation, where the affected outcome is to allow a hub to reach remote leaves while preventing leaf-to-leaf communication. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the VLAN tag pop at handoff design in this case: the S-tag leaks to a customer interface contracted for untagged delivery.
B:This defect belongs to controlled Internet breakout, where the affected outcome is to provide Internet access for an L3VPN tenant without leaking private customer prefixes. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the VLAN tag pop at handoff design in this case: the S-tag leaks to a customer interface contracted for untagged delivery.
C:This defect belongs to MLD IPv6 membership, where the affected outcome is to enable an IPv6 receiver to join multicast groups on the first-hop router. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the VLAN tag pop at handoff design in this case: the S-tag leaks to a customer interface contracted for untagged delivery.
Question 745
After Harbor Metro deploys VLAN tag pop at handoff to deliver untagged Ethernet to a customer while transporting a provider service tag, the primary acceptance check passes (the customer handoff sends untagged frames while core transport retains its expected tag). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- Tag rewrite direction must be configured symmetrically on return traffic.
- Accurate root and leaf port roles are essential for policy enforcement.
- Stateful firewall and return-path policies must match the breakout design.
- MLD querier and PIMv6 configuration must both be consistent.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The relevant boundary of VLAN tag pop at handoff is that tag rewrite direction must be configured symmetrically on return traffic. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
B:This concern applies to E-Tree root and leaf isolation in a different scenario where operators need to allow a hub to reach remote leaves while preventing leaf-to-leaf communication. For the deployed VLAN tag pop at handoff approach, the relevant caution is instead that tag rewrite direction must be configured symmetrically on return traffic.
C:This concern applies to controlled Internet breakout in a different scenario where operators need to provide Internet access for an L3VPN tenant without leaking private customer prefixes. For the deployed VLAN tag pop at handoff approach, the relevant caution is instead that tag rewrite direction must be configured symmetrically on return traffic.
D:This concern applies to MLD IPv6 membership in a different scenario where operators need to enable an IPv6 receiver to join multicast groups on the first-hop router. For the deployed VLAN tag pop at handoff approach, the relevant caution is instead that tag rewrite direction must be configured symmetrically on return traffic.
Question 746
Summit Service Provider must protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?
- E-Line attachment circuit binding
- L2VPN pseudowire redundancy
- inter-AS VPN option A separation
- traffic shaping smoothing
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:L2VPN pseudowire redundancy matches this requirement: the team should configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior. A relevant outcome would be that traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
Incorrect Answers
A:E-Line attachment circuit binding instead addresses a different condition: bind an existing customer Ethernet UNI into the correct E-Line pseudowire and transport endpoint. It would instead require you to associate the customer attachment circuit with the configured point-to-point xconnect and pseudowire, not the stated goal to protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire.
C:inter-AS VPN option A separation instead addresses a different condition: interconnect L3VPN sites across two providers without sharing their internal VPNv4 BGP tables. It would instead require you to exchange isolated VRF routes over explicit per-VRF handoff subinterfaces, not the stated goal to protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire.
D:traffic shaping smoothing instead addresses a different condition: smooth an egress stream to a slower contracted handoff rather than dropping every burst. It would instead require you to configure class-based shaping with an appropriate target rate, not the stated goal to protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire.
Question 747
At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for L2VPN pseudowire redundancy. The specific goal is to protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?
- Associate the customer attachment circuit with the configured point-to-point xconnect and pseudowire.
- Exchange isolated VRF routes over explicit per-VRF handoff subinterfaces.
- Configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior.
- Configure class-based shaping with an appropriate target rate.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:Implementing L2VPN pseudowire redundancy requires the operator to configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
Incorrect Answers
A:The proposed step is for E-Line attachment circuit binding, whose purpose is to bind an existing customer Ethernet UNI into the correct E-Line pseudowire and transport endpoint. It would not perform the necessary L2VPN pseudowire redundancy operation: configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior.
B:The proposed step is for inter-AS VPN option A separation, whose purpose is to interconnect L3VPN sites across two providers without sharing their internal VPNv4 BGP tables. It would not perform the necessary L2VPN pseudowire redundancy operation: configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior.
D:The proposed step is for traffic shaping smoothing, whose purpose is to smooth an egress stream to a slower contracted handoff rather than dropping every burst. It would not perform the necessary L2VPN pseudowire redundancy operation: configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior.
Question 748
Lakeside Transport has deployed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy to protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire. The implementation step was to configure an eligible backup pseudowire and activation behavior. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?
- The access EFP frames are forwarded over the intended pseudowire to the other handoff.
- Customer connectivity works while each AS keeps its own VPN control plane.
- Queued traffic is paced onto the handoff within the target rate.
- Traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:For L2VPN pseudowire redundancy, successful verification means that traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire after deployment.
Incorrect Answers
A:The observation would verify E-Line attachment circuit binding under the separate requirement to bind an existing customer Ethernet UNI into the correct E-Line pseudowire and transport endpoint. It does not demonstrate the needed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy result: traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
B:The observation would verify inter-AS VPN option A separation under the separate requirement to interconnect L3VPN sites across two providers without sharing their internal VPNv4 BGP tables. It does not demonstrate the needed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy result: traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
C:The observation would verify traffic shaping smoothing under the separate requirement to smooth an egress stream to a slower contracted handoff rather than dropping every burst. It does not demonstrate the needed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy result: traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
Question 749
While troubleshooting L2VPN pseudowire redundancy at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?
- Both pseudowires are simultaneously bridged with no redundancy control.
- The attachment circuit exists on the port but has no matching xconnect binding.
- One provider assumes VPN label transport is shared over a plain VRF interface.
- Policing discards transient bursts instead of buffering them for a slower link.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The suspected defect directly frustrates L2VPN pseudowire redundancy: both pseudowires are simultaneously bridged with no redundancy control. Correcting it should allow verification that traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path.
Incorrect Answers
B:This defect belongs to E-Line attachment circuit binding, where the affected outcome is to bind an existing customer Ethernet UNI into the correct E-Line pseudowire and transport endpoint. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the L2VPN pseudowire redundancy design in this case: both pseudowires are simultaneously bridged with no redundancy control.
C:This defect belongs to inter-AS VPN option A separation, where the affected outcome is to interconnect L3VPN sites across two providers without sharing their internal VPNv4 BGP tables. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the L2VPN pseudowire redundancy design in this case: both pseudowires are simultaneously bridged with no redundancy control.
D:This defect belongs to traffic shaping smoothing, where the affected outcome is to smooth an egress stream to a slower contracted handoff rather than dropping every burst. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the L2VPN pseudowire redundancy design in this case: both pseudowires are simultaneously bridged with no redundancy control.
Question 750
After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys L2VPN pseudowire redundancy to protect a point-to-point Layer-2 service against a failed primary pseudowire, the primary acceptance check passes (traffic transfers to backup without exposing a second active loop path). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?
- The access-side tag rewrite and transport MTU must be compatible at each endpoint.
- Backup path may share the same physical failure domain as primary.
- Per-VRF handoff scaling and operational overhead grow with service count.
- Excess offered load can still cause queue delay or eventual buffer drops.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The relevant boundary of L2VPN pseudowire redundancy is that backup path may share the same physical failure domain as primary. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.
Incorrect Answers
A:This concern applies to E-Line attachment circuit binding in a different scenario where operators need to bind an existing customer Ethernet UNI into the correct E-Line pseudowire and transport endpoint. For the deployed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy approach, the relevant caution is instead that backup path may share the same physical failure domain as primary.
C:This concern applies to inter-AS VPN option A separation in a different scenario where operators need to interconnect L3VPN sites across two providers without sharing their internal VPNv4 BGP tables. For the deployed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy approach, the relevant caution is instead that backup path may share the same physical failure domain as primary.
D:This concern applies to traffic shaping smoothing in a different scenario where operators need to smooth an egress stream to a slower contracted handoff rather than dropping every burst. For the deployed L2VPN pseudowire redundancy approach, the relevant caution is instead that backup path may share the same physical failure domain as primary.
Implementing and Operating Cisco Service Provider Network Core Technologies (SPCOR) (350-501) Practice Tests