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Cisco 350-501 Practice Test 39

Question 380

After Harbor Metro deploys BFD rapid peer failure detection to detect forwarding failure more rapidly than ordinary routing hello timers, the primary acceptance check passes (the BFD session tracks reachability and signals a failure promptly). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. NSR requires platform and peer-specific feature support.
  2. Prefix-set maintenance must track legitimate customer expansion.
  3. Key rollover must avoid transient adjacency loss.
  4. Overly short timers can increase false alarms on busy devices.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The relevant boundary of BFD rapid peer failure detection is that overly short timers can increase false alarms on busy devices. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This concern applies to NSR control-plane failover in a different scenario where operators need to preserve routing protocol state across a supported redundant control processor switchover. For the deployed BFD rapid peer failure detection approach, the relevant caution is instead that overly short timers can increase false alarms on busy devices.

B:

This concern applies to BGP prefix filtering in a different scenario where operators need to stop a customer's accidental broad route advertisement at the provider ingress. For the deployed BFD rapid peer failure detection approach, the relevant caution is instead that overly short timers can increase false alarms on busy devices.

C:

This concern applies to OSPF authentication consistency in a different scenario where operators need to prevent unauthenticated route participation across a core adjacency. For the deployed BFD rapid peer failure detection approach, the relevant caution is instead that overly short timers can increase false alarms on busy devices.

Question 381

Summit Service Provider must reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?

  1. RPL inbound AS-path policy
  2. RPL route policy execution order
  3. IS-IS passive interface design
  4. BGP local preference exit policy

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

RPL inbound AS-path policy matches this requirement: the team should attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family. A relevant outcome would be that the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.

Incorrect Answers

B:

RPL route policy execution order instead addresses a different condition: apply an explicit route reject before a broad default permit condition. It would instead require you to order route-policy clauses so the narrow deny is evaluated first, not the stated goal to reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics.

C:

IS-IS passive interface design instead addresses a different condition: advertise a customer-facing subnet without creating an unintended routing peer. It would instead require you to make the relevant interface passive while retaining required subnet advertisement, not the stated goal to reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics.

D:

BGP local preference exit policy instead addresses a different condition: make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It would instead require you to set a higher BGP local preference on the preferred path within the AS, not the stated goal to reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics.

Question 382

At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for RPL inbound AS-path policy. The specific goal is to reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?

  1. Order route-policy clauses so the narrow deny is evaluated first.
  2. Attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family.
  3. Make the relevant interface passive while retaining required subnet advertisement.
  4. Set a higher BGP local preference on the preferred path within the AS.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Implementing RPL inbound AS-path policy requires the operator to attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed step is for RPL route policy execution order, whose purpose is to apply an explicit route reject before a broad default permit condition. It would not perform the necessary RPL inbound AS-path policy operation: attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family.

C:

The proposed step is for IS-IS passive interface design, whose purpose is to advertise a customer-facing subnet without creating an unintended routing peer. It would not perform the necessary RPL inbound AS-path policy operation: attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family.

D:

The proposed step is for BGP local preference exit policy, whose purpose is to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It would not perform the necessary RPL inbound AS-path policy operation: attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family.

Question 383

Lakeside Transport has deployed RPL inbound AS-path policy to reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics. The implementation step was to attach the intended IOS XR route-policy to the BGP neighbor inbound address family. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?

  1. The prohibited prefix is rejected while unrelated eligible routes pass.
  2. The subnet remains reachable and no neighbor adjacency forms on that access port.
  3. The received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.
  4. IBGP routers prefer the agreed egress when policy applies.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

For RPL inbound AS-path policy, successful verification means that the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The observation would verify RPL route policy execution order under the separate requirement to apply an explicit route reject before a broad default permit condition. It does not demonstrate the needed RPL inbound AS-path policy result: the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.

B:

The observation would verify IS-IS passive interface design under the separate requirement to advertise a customer-facing subnet without creating an unintended routing peer. It does not demonstrate the needed RPL inbound AS-path policy result: the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.

D:

The observation would verify BGP local preference exit policy under the separate requirement to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It does not demonstrate the needed RPL inbound AS-path policy result: the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.

Question 384

While troubleshooting RPL inbound AS-path policy at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?

  1. A broad pass condition precedes the deny so the prohibition never executes.
  2. Hello packets still create adjacency with an untrusted customer router.
  3. MED is adjusted expecting it to override a local-preference difference.
  4. The policy is applied outbound and the prohibited path remains accepted.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The suspected defect directly frustrates RPL inbound AS-path policy: the policy is applied outbound and the prohibited path remains accepted. Correcting it should allow verification that the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This defect belongs to RPL route policy execution order, where the affected outcome is to apply an explicit route reject before a broad default permit condition. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the RPL inbound AS-path policy design in this case: the policy is applied outbound and the prohibited path remains accepted.

B:

This defect belongs to IS-IS passive interface design, where the affected outcome is to advertise a customer-facing subnet without creating an unintended routing peer. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the RPL inbound AS-path policy design in this case: the policy is applied outbound and the prohibited path remains accepted.

C:

This defect belongs to BGP local preference exit policy, where the affected outcome is to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the RPL inbound AS-path policy design in this case: the policy is applied outbound and the prohibited path remains accepted.

Question 385

After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys RPL inbound AS-path policy to reject untrusted routes with prohibited AS-path characteristics, the primary acceptance check passes (the received route table excludes paths matching the denied condition). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. Route-policy order can shadow more specific conditions.
  2. Policy ordering should be tested with representative matched and unmatched routes.
  3. Passive treatment must not be applied to a link needed for core routing.
  4. Local preference is an internal-AS policy and not exported to eBGP peers.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The relevant boundary of RPL inbound AS-path policy is that route-policy order can shadow more specific conditions. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This concern applies to RPL route policy execution order in a different scenario where operators need to apply an explicit route reject before a broad default permit condition. For the deployed RPL inbound AS-path policy approach, the relevant caution is instead that route-policy order can shadow more specific conditions.

C:

This concern applies to IS-IS passive interface design in a different scenario where operators need to advertise a customer-facing subnet without creating an unintended routing peer. For the deployed RPL inbound AS-path policy approach, the relevant caution is instead that route-policy order can shadow more specific conditions.

D:

This concern applies to BGP local preference exit policy in a different scenario where operators need to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. For the deployed RPL inbound AS-path policy approach, the relevant caution is instead that route-policy order can shadow more specific conditions.

Question 386

Horizon Exchange must advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?

  1. BGP max-prefix protection
  2. BGP conditional path advertisement
  3. graceful restart helper coordination
  4. OSPF area mismatch diagnosis

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

BGP conditional path advertisement matches this requirement: the team should apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger. A relevant outcome would be that the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

Incorrect Answers

A:

BGP max-prefix protection instead addresses a different condition: protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It would instead require you to configure an appropriate maximum-prefix threshold and response for the neighbor, not the stated goal to advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true.

C:

graceful restart helper coordination instead addresses a different condition: allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It would instead require you to configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers, not the stated goal to advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true.

D:

OSPF area mismatch diagnosis instead addresses a different condition: recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It would instead require you to place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area, not the stated goal to advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true.

Question 387

At Cedar Wireless, the engineering change is approved for BGP conditional path advertisement. The specific goal is to advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?

  1. Configure an appropriate maximum-prefix threshold and response for the neighbor.
  2. Configure compatible graceful restart roles and bounded stale-route timers.
  3. Apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger.
  4. Place both sides in the intended matching OSPF area.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Implementing BGP conditional path advertisement requires the operator to apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed step is for BGP max-prefix protection, whose purpose is to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It would not perform the necessary BGP conditional path advertisement operation: apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger.

B:

The proposed step is for graceful restart helper coordination, whose purpose is to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It would not perform the necessary BGP conditional path advertisement operation: apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger.

D:

The proposed step is for OSPF area mismatch diagnosis, whose purpose is to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It would not perform the necessary BGP conditional path advertisement operation: apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger.

Question 388

Willow Regional has deployed BGP conditional path advertisement to advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true. The implementation step was to apply supported conditional advertisement or routing-policy logic against the trigger. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?

  1. Accepted route counts stay within the agreed limit and alerts trigger near it.
  2. Peer routing converges while eligible forwarding state is retained temporarily.
  3. Hello packets result in a valid adjacency and shared link-state database.
  4. The backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

For BGP conditional path advertisement, successful verification means that the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The observation would verify BGP max-prefix protection under the separate requirement to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP conditional path advertisement result: the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

B:

The observation would verify graceful restart helper coordination under the separate requirement to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP conditional path advertisement result: the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

C:

The observation would verify OSPF area mismatch diagnosis under the separate requirement to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP conditional path advertisement result: the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

Question 389

While troubleshooting BGP conditional path advertisement at Atlas Backbone, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?

  1. Both primary and backup are advertised unconditionally despite required policy.
  2. A customer advertises uncontrolled routes until the router runs short of memory.
  3. A stale route is treated as indefinitely valid after its helper timer expires.
  4. DR priority is changed although the OSPF area IDs remain incompatible.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The suspected defect directly frustrates BGP conditional path advertisement: both primary and backup are advertised unconditionally despite required policy. Correcting it should allow verification that the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This defect belongs to BGP max-prefix protection, where the affected outcome is to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP conditional path advertisement design in this case: both primary and backup are advertised unconditionally despite required policy.

C:

This defect belongs to graceful restart helper coordination, where the affected outcome is to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP conditional path advertisement design in this case: both primary and backup are advertised unconditionally despite required policy.

D:

This defect belongs to OSPF area mismatch diagnosis, where the affected outcome is to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP conditional path advertisement design in this case: both primary and backup are advertised unconditionally despite required policy.

Question 390

After Starlight IP Services deploys BGP conditional path advertisement to advertise a failover route only when a monitored primary path condition is true, the primary acceptance check passes (the backup advertisement follows the explicit state condition). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. Thresholds need allowance for normal growth and backup-route variation.
  2. The trigger must represent actual data-plane service health, not only BGP state.
  3. Retained stale state can blackhole traffic if underlying forwarding is broken.
  4. The area correction may affect summarization and route propagation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The relevant boundary of BGP conditional path advertisement is that the trigger must represent actual data-plane service health, not only BGP state. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This concern applies to BGP max-prefix protection in a different scenario where operators need to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. For the deployed BGP conditional path advertisement approach, the relevant caution is instead that the trigger must represent actual data-plane service health, not only BGP state.

C:

This concern applies to graceful restart helper coordination in a different scenario where operators need to allow a neighbor's control-plane restart without immediately invalidating forwarding. For the deployed BGP conditional path advertisement approach, the relevant caution is instead that the trigger must represent actual data-plane service health, not only BGP state.

D:

This concern applies to OSPF area mismatch diagnosis in a different scenario where operators need to recover adjacency on a link whose routers are configured in different areas. For the deployed BGP conditional path advertisement approach, the relevant caution is instead that the trigger must represent actual data-plane service health, not only BGP state.


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