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Cisco 350-501 Practice Test 33

Question 320

After Harbor Metro deploys BGP MED entry preference to suggest an inbound entry point to the neighboring AS when otherwise comparable paths exist, the primary acceptance check passes (a cooperating neighbor chooses the preferred entry for comparable external paths). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. A remote policy with higher priority than AS-path length can override prepending.
  2. Multiple NET area addresses on one router must keep its system ID consistent.
  3. All prefixes using the same OSPF route may change together.
  4. Remote AS policy can ignore or override the MED suggestion.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The relevant boundary of BGP MED entry preference is that remote AS policy can ignore or override the MED suggestion. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This concern applies to BGP AS-path prepending in a different scenario where operators need to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems. For the deployed BGP MED entry preference approach, the relevant caution is instead that remote AS policy can ignore or override the MED suggestion.

B:

This concern applies to IS-IS NET system identity in a different scenario where operators need to ensure two routers in the same IS-IS domain have distinct system identifiers. For the deployed BGP MED entry preference approach, the relevant caution is instead that remote AS policy can ignore or override the MED suggestion.

C:

This concern applies to OSPF interface cost control in a different scenario where operators need to favor a specific provider link with shorter calculated OSPF path cost. For the deployed BGP MED entry preference approach, the relevant caution is instead that remote AS policy can ignore or override the MED suggestion.

Question 321

Summit Service Provider must make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?

  1. BGP AS-path prepending
  2. BGP local preference exit policy
  3. BGP AS override customer overlap
  4. BGP max-prefix protection

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

BGP AS-path prepending matches this requirement: the team should prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path. A relevant outcome would be that the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.

Incorrect Answers

B:

BGP local preference exit policy instead addresses a different condition: make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It would instead require you to set a higher BGP local preference on the preferred path within the AS, not the stated goal to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems.

C:

BGP AS override customer overlap instead addresses a different condition: support overlapping customer AS numbers at separate CE sites under a controlled VPN design. It would instead require you to apply permitted AS override on the correct PE-CE BGP relation, not the stated goal to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems.

D:

BGP max-prefix protection instead addresses a different condition: protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It would instead require you to configure an appropriate maximum-prefix threshold and response for the neighbor, not the stated goal to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems.

Question 322

At Ridgeway Networks, the engineering change is approved for BGP AS-path prepending. The specific goal is to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?

  1. Set a higher BGP local preference on the preferred path within the AS.
  2. Prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path.
  3. Apply permitted AS override on the correct PE-CE BGP relation.
  4. Configure an appropriate maximum-prefix threshold and response for the neighbor.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Implementing BGP AS-path prepending requires the operator to prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed step is for BGP local preference exit policy, whose purpose is to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It would not perform the necessary BGP AS-path prepending operation: prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path.

C:

The proposed step is for BGP AS override customer overlap, whose purpose is to support overlapping customer AS numbers at separate CE sites under a controlled VPN design. It would not perform the necessary BGP AS-path prepending operation: prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path.

D:

The proposed step is for BGP max-prefix protection, whose purpose is to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It would not perform the necessary BGP AS-path prepending operation: prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path.

Question 323

Lakeside Transport has deployed BGP AS-path prepending to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems. The implementation step was to prepend a suitable number of the advertising AS in the outbound AS path. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?

  1. IBGP routers prefer the agreed egress when policy applies.
  2. The remote CE accepts routes without rejecting its own AS in the modified path.
  3. The neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.
  4. Accepted route counts stay within the agreed limit and alerts trigger near it.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

For BGP AS-path prepending, successful verification means that the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The observation would verify BGP local preference exit policy under the separate requirement to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP AS-path prepending result: the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.

B:

The observation would verify BGP AS override customer overlap under the separate requirement to support overlapping customer AS numbers at separate CE sites under a controlled VPN design. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP AS-path prepending result: the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.

D:

The observation would verify BGP max-prefix protection under the separate requirement to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP AS-path prepending result: the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.

Question 324

While troubleshooting BGP AS-path prepending at Coastal Communications, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?

  1. MED is adjusted expecting it to override a local-preference difference.
  2. Ordinary loop prevention drops a route because its own AS is present.
  3. A customer advertises uncontrolled routes until the router runs short of memory.
  4. Route local preference is changed within the provider expecting remote AS impact.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The suspected defect directly frustrates BGP AS-path prepending: route local preference is changed within the provider expecting remote AS impact. Correcting it should allow verification that the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This defect belongs to BGP local preference exit policy, where the affected outcome is to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP AS-path prepending design in this case: route local preference is changed within the provider expecting remote AS impact.

B:

This defect belongs to BGP AS override customer overlap, where the affected outcome is to support overlapping customer AS numbers at separate CE sites under a controlled VPN design. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP AS-path prepending design in this case: route local preference is changed within the provider expecting remote AS impact.

C:

This defect belongs to BGP max-prefix protection, where the affected outcome is to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP AS-path prepending design in this case: route local preference is changed within the provider expecting remote AS impact.

Question 325

After Bluebird Infrastructure deploys BGP AS-path prepending to make one advertised path less attractive to neighboring autonomous systems, the primary acceptance check passes (the neighbor sees the longer intended AS path and may choose the alternate). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. A remote policy with higher priority than AS-path length can override prepending.
  2. Local preference is an internal-AS policy and not exported to eBGP peers.
  3. AS override must be tightly scoped to avoid hidden routing loops.
  4. Thresholds need allowance for normal growth and backup-route variation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The relevant boundary of BGP AS-path prepending is that a remote policy with higher priority than AS-path length can override prepending. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This concern applies to BGP local preference exit policy in a different scenario where operators need to make internal routers prefer one provider egress for outbound traffic. For the deployed BGP AS-path prepending approach, the relevant caution is instead that a remote policy with higher priority than AS-path length can override prepending.

C:

This concern applies to BGP AS override customer overlap in a different scenario where operators need to support overlapping customer AS numbers at separate CE sites under a controlled VPN design. For the deployed BGP AS-path prepending approach, the relevant caution is instead that a remote policy with higher priority than AS-path length can override prepending.

D:

This concern applies to BGP max-prefix protection in a different scenario where operators need to protect a provider edge from a customer's sudden route-table explosion. For the deployed BGP AS-path prepending approach, the relevant caution is instead that a remote policy with higher priority than AS-path length can override prepending.

Question 326

Horizon Exchange must identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries. The operator is comparing several service-provider methods. Which design or control directly addresses that stated requirement?

  1. BGP PIC backup forwarding
  2. BGP community tagging policy
  3. controlled IGP to BGP redistribution
  4. NAT64 IPv6 client to IPv4 server

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

BGP community tagging policy matches this requirement: the team should attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point. A relevant outcome would be that the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

Incorrect Answers

A:

BGP PIC backup forwarding instead addresses a different condition: maintain a programmed backup path for rapid edge failure response. It would instead require you to apply BGP PIC backup-path selection with the appropriate FIB programming, not the stated goal to identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries.

C:

controlled IGP to BGP redistribution instead addresses a different condition: inject only selected IGP routes into BGP at an authorized boundary. It would instead require you to redistribute through a narrow route-policy rather than all learned IGP prefixes, not the stated goal to identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries.

D:

NAT64 IPv6 client to IPv4 server instead addresses a different condition: let IPv6-only clients reach IPv4-only destinations with appropriate translation. It would instead require you to deploy NAT64 with compatible DNS64 or explicit mapped-address discovery, not the stated goal to identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries.

Question 327

At Cedar Wireless, the engineering change is approved for BGP community tagging policy. The specific goal is to identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries. Which implementation step belongs in this change plan?

  1. Apply BGP PIC backup-path selection with the appropriate FIB programming.
  2. Redistribute through a narrow route-policy rather than all learned IGP prefixes.
  3. Attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point.
  4. Deploy NAT64 with compatible DNS64 or explicit mapped-address discovery.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Implementing BGP community tagging policy requires the operator to attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point. This makes the required goal testable using evidence that the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The proposed step is for BGP PIC backup forwarding, whose purpose is to maintain a programmed backup path for rapid edge failure response. It would not perform the necessary BGP community tagging policy operation: attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point.

B:

The proposed step is for controlled IGP to BGP redistribution, whose purpose is to inject only selected IGP routes into BGP at an authorized boundary. It would not perform the necessary BGP community tagging policy operation: attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point.

D:

The proposed step is for NAT64 IPv6 client to IPv4 server, whose purpose is to let IPv6-only clients reach IPv4-only destinations with appropriate translation. It would not perform the necessary BGP community tagging policy operation: attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point.

Question 328

Willow Regional has deployed BGP community tagging policy to identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries. The implementation step was to attach a defined BGP community and match it at the intended next policy point. Which observation demonstrates that the requested service is working?

  1. The primary and backup forwarding paths are ready before link failure.
  2. The target BGP table contains only the documented permitted redistributed routes.
  3. IPv6 clients establish sessions to the IPv4 endpoints through a translator.
  4. The community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

For BGP community tagging policy, successful verification means that the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling. That evidence directly tests whether the provider can identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries after deployment.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The observation would verify BGP PIC backup forwarding under the separate requirement to maintain a programmed backup path for rapid edge failure response. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP community tagging policy result: the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

B:

The observation would verify controlled IGP to BGP redistribution under the separate requirement to inject only selected IGP routes into BGP at an authorized boundary. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP community tagging policy result: the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

C:

The observation would verify NAT64 IPv6 client to IPv4 server under the separate requirement to let IPv6-only clients reach IPv4-only destinations with appropriate translation. It does not demonstrate the needed BGP community tagging policy result: the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

Question 329

While troubleshooting BGP community tagging policy at Atlas Backbone, the intended acceptance outcome is still missing: the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling. Which fault condition should be investigated first for this particular design?

  1. A route attribute is set but the receiving policy never matches that community.
  2. Backup routes exist in control plane but no PIC backup is programmed in FIB.
  3. A broad redistribution rule leaks internal point-to-point infrastructure prefixes.
  4. An ordinary NAT44 rule is used expecting IPv6 hosts to connect through it.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The suspected defect directly frustrates BGP community tagging policy: a route attribute is set but the receiving policy never matches that community. Correcting it should allow verification that the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling.

Incorrect Answers

B:

This defect belongs to BGP PIC backup forwarding, where the affected outcome is to maintain a programmed backup path for rapid edge failure response. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP community tagging policy design in this case: a route attribute is set but the receiving policy never matches that community.

C:

This defect belongs to controlled IGP to BGP redistribution, where the affected outcome is to inject only selected IGP routes into BGP at an authorized boundary. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP community tagging policy design in this case: a route attribute is set but the receiving policy never matches that community.

D:

This defect belongs to NAT64 IPv6 client to IPv4 server, where the affected outcome is to let IPv6-only clients reach IPv4-only destinations with appropriate translation. It is not the direct failure mode identified for the BGP community tagging policy design in this case: a route attribute is set but the receiving policy never matches that community.

Question 330

After Starlight IP Services deploys BGP community tagging policy to identify a class of routes consistently across multiple policy boundaries, the primary acceptance check passes (the community appears on accepted paths and triggers the correct handling). What remaining operational risk should still be part of the design review?

  1. The backup path still requires valid next-hop and adjacency resolution.
  2. Propagation policies must permit communities to cross intended peers.
  3. Feedback between protocols can cause loops if the route origin is not tagged.
  4. Applications embedding literal IPv4 addresses may need separate handling.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The relevant boundary of BGP community tagging policy is that propagation policies must permit communities to cross intended peers. Passing the acceptance test does not eliminate this residual operational risk.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This concern applies to BGP PIC backup forwarding in a different scenario where operators need to maintain a programmed backup path for rapid edge failure response. For the deployed BGP community tagging policy approach, the relevant caution is instead that propagation policies must permit communities to cross intended peers.

C:

This concern applies to controlled IGP to BGP redistribution in a different scenario where operators need to inject only selected IGP routes into BGP at an authorized boundary. For the deployed BGP community tagging policy approach, the relevant caution is instead that propagation policies must permit communities to cross intended peers.

D:

This concern applies to NAT64 IPv6 client to IPv4 server in a different scenario where operators need to let IPv6-only clients reach IPv4-only destinations with appropriate translation. For the deployed BGP community tagging policy approach, the relevant caution is instead that propagation policies must permit communities to cross intended peers.


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