Question 40
An enterprise WAN provider offers a 50-Mbps contract, but a branch router transmits 100-Mbps bursts that the provider drops. The initial change is: Use output shaping toward the contracted rate to buffer bursts rather than relying on carrier discard. Which continuing control most directly prevents a recurrence of the documented problem: Provider discard counters increase during bursts even though average utilization appears within contract.
- Review shaper bandwidth when circuits or classes change, using queue delay and drop evidence.
- Check bandwidth guarantees under simultaneous load, not at idle link utilization.
- Monitor queue thresholds and mark-aware behavior after WAN speed or traffic mix changes.
- Check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The continuing protective control is: Review shaper bandwidth when circuits or classes change, using queue delay and drop evidence. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: unshaped output bursts exceed the provider's committed service rate. The corresponding operational check is: observe local shaping queue depth and lowered carrier drop counters under controlled offered load.
Incorrect Answers
B:That control reduces a separate risk: The class has no effective bandwidth reservation or policy is not active on the egress interface. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: unshaped output bursts exceed the provider's committed service rate. The specific required safeguard is: review shaper bandwidth when circuits or classes change, using queue delay and drop evidence.
C:That control reduces a separate risk: The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: unshaped output bursts exceed the provider's committed service rate. The specific required safeguard is: review shaper bandwidth when circuits or classes change, using queue delay and drop evidence.
D:That control reduces a separate risk: The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: unshaped output bursts exceed the provider's committed service rate. The specific required safeguard is: review shaper bandwidth when circuits or classes change, using queue delay and drop evidence.
Question 41
A campus policy must cap abusive guest traffic immediately rather than permit it to build an unlimited outbound queue. The incident evidence is: Guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Match trusted voice traffic into an appropriate QoS class and apply the intended service policy at the congested interface.
- Apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface.
- Interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop.
- Interpret the class bandwidth share and apply suitable class-based weighted fair queuing for the intended minimum service.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The required correction is: Apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface. The underlying failure mechanism is: The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
Incorrect Answers
A:Matching trusted voice traffic into an appropriate QoS class and applying the intended service policy at the congested interface would not apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface.
C:The needed correction is to apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface.
D:Interpreting the class bandwidth share and applying suitable class-based weighted fair queuing for the intended minimum service would not apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface.
Question 42
A campus policy must cap abusive guest traffic immediately rather than permit it to build an unlimited outbound queue. The proposed remedy is: Apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?
- Check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
- Compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
- Under congestion, verify transactional class service stays above its intended share without starving other classes.
- Check class-map counters rise for the voice flow and verify queue service with simultaneous bulk traffic.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The decisive acceptance observation is: Compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class.
Incorrect Answers
A:This test measures a different behavior: Check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
C:This test measures a different behavior: Under congestion, verify transactional class service stays above its intended share without starving other classes. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
D:This test measures a different behavior: Check class-map counters rise for the voice flow and verify queue service with simultaneous bulk traffic. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
Question 43
A campus policy must cap abusive guest traffic immediately rather than permit it to build an unlimited outbound queue. During troubleshooting: Guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?
- The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
- The class has no effective bandwidth reservation or policy is not active on the egress interface.
- The QoS class match never identified the voice packets, so the priority action was never used.
- The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The actual technical cause is: The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. It specifically explains the observation: guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. The correcting configuration is: apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface.
Incorrect Answers
A:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. Here the recorded observation is: guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. The applicable cause is: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction.
B:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Business transactions lose throughput when the default class consumes the entire congested WAN queue. Here the recorded observation is: guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. The applicable cause is: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction.
C:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Voice traffic enters the default class even though a strict-priority queue exists. Here the recorded observation is: guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. The applicable cause is: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction.
Question 44
A campus policy must cap abusive guest traffic immediately rather than permit it to build an unlimited outbound queue. The initial change is: Apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface. Which continuing control most directly prevents a recurrence of the documented problem: Guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class.
- Audit classification at trust boundaries and check marks after applications change their endpoints.
- Monitor queue thresholds and mark-aware behavior after WAN speed or traffic mix changes.
- Check bandwidth guarantees under simultaneous load, not at idle link utilization.
- Check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The continuing protective control is: Check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. The corresponding operational check is: compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
Incorrect Answers
A:That control reduces a separate risk: The QoS class match never identified the voice packets, so the priority action was never used. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. The specific required safeguard is: check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests.
B:That control reduces a separate risk: The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. The specific required safeguard is: check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests.
C:That control reduces a separate risk: The class has no effective bandwidth reservation or policy is not active on the egress interface. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. The specific required safeguard is: check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests.
Question 45
Congestion on a mixed TCP backbone causes long tail-drop runs; the design calls for earlier differentiated packet dropping by class. The incident evidence is: Bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop.
- Match trusted voice traffic into an appropriate QoS class and apply the intended service policy at the congested interface.
- Apply a suitable policer with explicit conform/exceed actions to the guest class at the intended interface.
- Use output shaping toward the contracted rate to buffer bursts rather than relying on carrier discard.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The required correction is: Interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop. The underlying failure mechanism is: The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
Incorrect Answers
B:The QoS class match never identified the voice packets, so the priority action was never used. The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
C:The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
D:Unshaped output bursts exceed the provider's committed service rate. The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
Question 46
Congestion on a mixed TCP backbone causes long tail-drop runs; the design calls for earlier differentiated packet dropping by class. The proposed remedy is: Interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?
- Observe local shaping queue depth and lowered carrier drop counters under controlled offered load.
- Check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
- Check class-map counters rise for the voice flow and verify queue service with simultaneous bulk traffic.
- Compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The decisive acceptance observation is: Check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely.
Incorrect Answers
A:This test measures a different behavior: Observe local shaping queue depth and lowered carrier drop counters under controlled offered load. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
C:This test measures a different behavior: Check class-map counters rise for the voice flow and verify queue service with simultaneous bulk traffic. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
D:This test measures a different behavior: Compare conform/exceed counters and confirm out-of-profile packets follow the documented drop or remark action. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
Question 47
Congestion on a mixed TCP backbone causes long tail-drop runs; the design calls for earlier differentiated packet dropping by class. During troubleshooting: Bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?
- The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction.
- The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
- Unshaped output bursts exceed the provider's committed service rate.
- The QoS class match never identified the voice packets, so the priority action was never used.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The actual technical cause is: The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. It specifically explains the observation: bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. The correcting configuration is: interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop.
Incorrect Answers
A:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Guest bursts continue consuming uplink capacity despite a configured threshold in an unrelated class. Here the recorded observation is: bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. The applicable cause is: the queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
C:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Provider discard counters increase during bursts even though average utilization appears within contract. Here the recorded observation is: bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. The applicable cause is: the queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
D:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Voice traffic enters the default class even though a strict-priority queue exists. Here the recorded observation is: bulk TCP sessions synchronize large retransmission bursts after the queue fills entirely. The applicable cause is: the queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal.
Question 48
Congestion on a mixed TCP backbone causes long tail-drop runs; the design calls for earlier differentiated packet dropping by class. Select TWO complementary decisions: the direct technical remedy and a safeguard against recurrence. A verification-only step cannot substitute for either action.
- Interpret the class bandwidth share and apply suitable class-based weighted fair queuing for the intended minimum service.
- Interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop.
- Check guest class matching and policer counters during controlled peak-load tests.
- Monitor queue thresholds and mark-aware behavior after WAN speed or traffic mix changes.
- Match trusted voice traffic into an appropriate QoS class and apply the intended service policy at the congested interface.
Explanation
Correct Answers
B:The required correction is: Interpret or configure an appropriate WRED/random early-detection treatment for the eligible queue rather than indiscriminate tail drop. The underlying failure mechanism is: The queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
D:The continuing protective control is: Monitor queue thresholds and mark-aware behavior after WAN speed or traffic mix changes. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: the queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. The corresponding operational check is: check queue-specific early-drop counters and congestion response while maintaining the required priority voice treatment.
Incorrect Answers
A:Class-based weighted fair queuing allocates service shares, but the problem specifically calls for early randomized dropping rather than extended tail drop.
C:That control reduces a separate risk: The policer does not match the guest class or is applied at the wrong traffic direction. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the queue uses only full-buffer tail dropping, not the planned early congestion signal. The specific required safeguard is: monitor queue thresholds and mark-aware behavior after WAN speed or traffic mix changes.
E:Classifying voice into a QoS policy does not configure the WRED or early-drop behavior requested for the congested queue.
Question 49
A large Catalyst SD-WAN deployment requires one interface for templates, device lifecycle and operational dashboards, while traffic still forwards at branch routers. The incident evidence is: A change engineer expects Manager to carry application packets and concludes the WAN is down when its UI is unavailable. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Use Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager as the centralized management-plane system, not as the per-packet data forwarder.
- Forward encrypted user traffic between authorized SD-WAN edge routers across data-plane tunnels.
- Use the Catalyst SD-WAN Controller as the control-plane peer that distributes routing and policy state to edge routers.
- Provide reachability and valid onboarding information to the Catalyst SD-WAN Validator orchestration service.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The required correction is: Use Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager as the centralized management-plane system, not as the per-packet data forwarder. The underlying failure mechanism is: Management-plane availability was confused with distributed edge data-plane forwarding. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: verify a device template push and health telemetry in Manager while branch edges continue forwarding locally.
Incorrect Answers
B:Forward encrypted user traffic between authorized SD-WAN edge routers across data-plane tunnels would not meet the need for Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager as the centralized management-plane system, not as the per-packet data forwarder.
C:Using the Catalyst SD-WAN Controller as the control-plane peer that distributes routing and policy state to edge routers would not meet the need for Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager as the centralized management-plane system, not as the per-packet data forwarder.
D:Providing reachability and valid onboarding information to the Catalyst SD-WAN Validator orchestration service would not meet the need for Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager as the centralized management-plane system, not as the per-packet data forwarder.
Question 50
A large Catalyst SD-WAN deployment requires one interface for templates, device lifecycle and operational dashboards, while traffic still forwards at branch routers. The proposed remedy is: Use Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager as the centralized management-plane system, not as the per-packet data forwarder. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?
- Verify a device template push and health telemetry in Manager while branch edges continue forwarding locally.
- Inspect controller OMP peer status and accepted route advertisements from representative edge devices.
- Verify the edge reaches Validator and discovers permitted Controller and Manager addresses with authenticated sessions.
- Capture TLOC/BFD and data-plane tunnel counters between edges while observing no user-data transit at Controller.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The decisive acceptance observation is: Verify a device template push and health telemetry in Manager while branch edges continue forwarding locally. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: a change engineer expects Manager to carry application packets and concludes the WAN is down when its UI is unavailable.
Incorrect Answers
B:This test measures a different behavior: Inspect controller OMP peer status and accepted route advertisements from representative edge devices. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: verify a device template push and health telemetry in Manager while branch edges continue forwarding locally.
C:This test measures a different behavior: Verify the edge reaches Validator and discovers permitted Controller and Manager addresses with authenticated sessions. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: verify a device template push and health telemetry in Manager while branch edges continue forwarding locally.
D:This test measures a different behavior: Capture TLOC/BFD and data-plane tunnel counters between edges while observing no user-data transit at Controller. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: verify a device template push and health telemetry in Manager while branch edges continue forwarding locally.
Implementing Cisco Enterprise Network Core Technologies (ENCOR) (350-401) Practice Tests