Question 220
A data-center tenant requires VLAN-like Layer 2 separation over a routed IP leaf-spine underlay, with an overlay identifier independent of traditional VLAN ID. The incident evidence is: Tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Use VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs.
- Ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead.
- Build a supported GRE tunnel between reachable tunnel endpoints and route the intended overlay payload through it.
- Resolve the host EID through the LISP mapping system to its current routing locator (RLOC).
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The required correction is: Use VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs. The underlying failure mechanism is: The VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
Incorrect Answers
B:Ensuring the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead would not meet the need for vXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs.
C:Building a supported GRE tunnel between reachable tunnel endpoints and routing the intended overlay payload through it would not meet the need for vXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs.
D:Resolving the host EID through the LISP mapping system to its current routing locator (RLOC) would not meet the need for vXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs.
Question 221
A data-center tenant requires VLAN-like Layer 2 separation over a routed IP leaf-spine underlay, with an overlay identifier independent of traditional VLAN ID. The proposed remedy is: Use VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?
- Inspect EID-to-RLOC mappings and confirm encapsulation targets the registered RLOC.
- Test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding.
- Inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
- Inspect tunnel source/destination underlay reachability and encapsulated packet counters.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The decisive acceptance observation is: Inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment.
Incorrect Answers
A:This test measures a different behavior: Inspect EID-to-RLOC mappings and confirm encapsulation targets the registered RLOC. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
B:This test measures a different behavior: Test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
D:This test measures a different behavior: Inspect tunnel source/destination underlay reachability and encapsulated packet counters. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
Question 222
A data-center tenant requires VLAN-like Layer 2 separation over a routed IP leaf-spine underlay, with an overlay identifier independent of traditional VLAN ID. During troubleshooting: Tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?
- The remote map-cache still references the former EID-to-RLOC association.
- The GRE outer destination lacks routable underlay reachability.
- The underlay cannot deliver outer IP/UDP VXLAN packets to the remote VTEP.
- The VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The actual technical cause is: The VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment. It specifically explains the observation: tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment. The correcting configuration is: use VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs.
Incorrect Answers
A:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Packets for a moved endpoint are sent toward a stale old site location. Here the recorded observation is: tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment. The applicable cause is: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment.
B:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Tunnel interface is up administratively but multicast flows cannot cross because remote GRE endpoint is unreachable. Here the recorded observation is: tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment. The applicable cause is: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment.
C:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: Overlay traffic fails across racks even though local hosts communicate within each VTEP. Here the recorded observation is: tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment. The applicable cause is: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment.
Question 223
A data-center tenant requires VLAN-like Layer 2 separation over a routed IP leaf-spine underlay, with an overlay identifier independent of traditional VLAN ID. The initial change is: Use VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs. Which continuing control most directly prevents a recurrence of the documented problem: Tenant frames reach the remote VTEP but are delivered to another overlay segment.
- Audit VNI mappings and remote VTEP registration during tenant moves.
- Track GRE tunnel endpoints and routing to avoid recursive next-hop resolution.
- Include VTEP route reachability and encapsulation MTU in fabric operational checks.
- Monitor map-register refresh and mobility convergence after location changes.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The continuing protective control is: Audit VNI mappings and remote VTEP registration during tenant moves. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment. The corresponding operational check is: inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
Incorrect Answers
B:That control reduces a separate risk: The GRE outer destination lacks routable underlay reachability. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment. The specific required safeguard is: audit VNI mappings and remote VTEP registration during tenant moves.
C:That control reduces a separate risk: The underlay cannot deliver outer IP/UDP VXLAN packets to the remote VTEP. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment. The specific required safeguard is: audit VNI mappings and remote VTEP registration during tenant moves.
D:That control reduces a separate risk: The remote map-cache still references the former EID-to-RLOC association. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the VNI mapping is inconsistent with the intended tenant overlay segment. The specific required safeguard is: audit VNI mappings and remote VTEP registration during tenant moves.
Question 224
Two VXLAN VTEPs reside in separate routed racks and their overlay is unreachable although local VLAN-to-VNI mappings are correct. The incident evidence is: Overlay traffic fails across racks even though local hosts communicate within each VTEP. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Use VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs.
- Assign supported map-server/map-resolver roles to the intended LISP control-plane system.
- Ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead.
- Adjust tunnel MTU and TCP MSS as supported, or provide an underlay MTU sufficient for encapsulation overhead.
Explanation
Correct Answer
C:The required correction is: Ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead. The underlying failure mechanism is: The underlay cannot deliver outer IP/UDP VXLAN packets to the remote VTEP. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding.
Incorrect Answers
A:Using VXLAN encapsulation with a tenant VNI between participating VTEPs would not ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead.
B:Assigning supported map-server/map-resolver roles to the intended LISP control-plane system would not ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead.
D:Adjusting tunnel MTU and TCP MSS as supported, or provide an underlay MTU sufficient for encapsulation overhead would not ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead.
Question 225
Two VXLAN VTEPs reside in separate routed racks and their overlay is unreachable although local VLAN-to-VNI mappings are correct. The proposed remedy is: Ensure the IP underlay routes between VTEP addresses and accommodates VXLAN encapsulation overhead. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?
- Inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs.
- Test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding.
- Compare fragmentation-needed symptoms and large-packet PMTU tests through the tunnel.
- Confirm ETR map registrations and ITR map requests are answered for a representative EID prefix.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The decisive acceptance observation is: Test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: overlay traffic fails across racks even though local hosts communicate within each VTEP.
Incorrect Answers
A:This test measures a different behavior: Inspect outer UDP/4789 encapsulation and matching VNI on both VTEPs. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding.
C:This test measures a different behavior: Compare fragmentation-needed symptoms and large-packet PMTU tests through the tunnel. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding.
D:This test measures a different behavior: Confirm ETR map registrations and ITR map requests are answered for a representative EID prefix. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: test VTEP IP reachability with an MTU probe before relying on tenant frame forwarding.
Question 226
A Catalyst access switch must deliver VLANs 10,20,30 to a distribution switch; Gi1/0/48 is an 802.1Q trunk but VLAN30 is absent from the effective allowed list. The incident evidence is: VLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs.
- Set one switch port to dynamic desirable so it actively proposes DTP trunking to the peer in dynamic auto mode.
- Configure the port as a static access port in the intended VLAN and disable DTP negotiation where supported.
- Activate and verify the VLAN in the local VLAN database after ensuring it is approved on the trunk.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The required correction is: Add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs. The underlying failure mechanism is: The trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end.
Incorrect Answers
B:The needed correction is to add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs.
C:Configuring the port as a static access port in the intended VLAN and disable DTP negotiation where supported would not add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs.
D:Activating and verifying the VLAN in the local VLAN database after ensuring it is approved on the trunk would not add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs.
Question 227
A Catalyst access switch must deliver VLANs 10,20,30 to a distribution switch; Gi1/0/48 is an 802.1Q trunk but VLAN30 is absent from the effective allowed list. The proposed remedy is: Add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs. Which observation would most directly confirm that remedy works as intended?
- Verify the operational mode remains access when a test device sends DTP frames.
- Check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end.
- Inspect DTP negotiation counters and confirm the operational mode becomes trunk while the opposite port remains dynamic auto.
- Compare allowed, active and STP-forwarding VLAN sets in `show interfaces trunk` output.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The decisive acceptance observation is: Check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end. This tests the working mechanism, while the original incident was: vLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway.
Incorrect Answers
A:This test measures a different behavior: Verify the operational mode remains access when a test device sends DTP frames. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end.
C:This test measures a different behavior: Inspect DTP negotiation counters and confirm the operational mode becomes trunk while the opposite port remains dynamic auto. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end.
D:This test measures a different behavior: Compare allowed, active and STP-forwarding VLAN sets in `show interfaces trunk` output. It does not establish the target outcome. For the documented fault, the direct acceptance test is: check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end.
Question 228
A Catalyst access switch must deliver VLANs 10,20,30 to a distribution switch; Gi1/0/48 is an 802.1Q trunk but VLAN30 is absent from the effective allowed list. During troubleshooting: VLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway. Which underlying cause best explains the recorded behavior?
- The trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches.
- Dynamic trunk negotiation was left enabled on a workstation-facing interface.
- An inactive or missing VLAN in the switch VLAN database prevents forwarding on the trunk.
- Both sides are passive in DTP dynamic auto; neither proposes trunking to the other.
Explanation
Correct Answer
A:The actual technical cause is: The trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches. It specifically explains the observation: vLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway. The correcting configuration is: add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs.
Incorrect Answers
B:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: An unauthorized switch negotiates a trunk and carries unintended tagged traffic from an endpoint port. Here the recorded observation is: vLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway. The applicable cause is: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches.
C:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: The VLAN appears in the allowed list but not in the active VLAN set. Here the recorded observation is: vLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway. The applicable cause is: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches.
D:That diagnosis is supported by a different symptom: The link remains an access link despite both sides being enabled for dynamic trunking. Here the recorded observation is: vLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway. The applicable cause is: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches.
Question 229
A Catalyst access switch must deliver VLANs 10,20,30 to a distribution switch; Gi1/0/48 is an 802.1Q trunk but VLAN30 is absent from the effective allowed list. The initial change is: Add VLAN30 to the correct trunk allowed list on the relevant link while retaining approved existing VLANs. Which continuing control most directly prevents a recurrence of the documented problem: VLAN10 and VLAN20 traverse the link but hosts in VLAN30 cannot reach their remote gateway.
- Enforce port-role templates and audit DTP state when users repatch endpoints.
- Document which side actively negotiates DTP and never depend on auto/auto passive negotiation for a required dynamic trunk.
- Reconcile permitted trunk VLANs with active VLAN creation and STP state.
- Version-control trunk allowlists and compare both ends during VLAN additions.
Explanation
Correct Answer
D:The continuing protective control is: Version-control trunk allowlists and compare both ends during VLAN additions. This addresses the underlying failure mechanism: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches. The corresponding operational check is: check `show interfaces trunk` permits VLAN30 at both ends and test VLAN30 end-to-end.
Incorrect Answers
A:That control reduces a separate risk: Dynamic trunk negotiation was left enabled on a workstation-facing interface. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches. The specific required safeguard is: version-control trunk allowlists and compare both ends during VLAN additions.
B:That control reduces a separate risk: Both sides are passive in DTP dynamic auto; neither proposes trunking to the other. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches. The specific required safeguard is: version-control trunk allowlists and compare both ends during VLAN additions.
C:That control reduces a separate risk: An inactive or missing VLAN in the switch VLAN database prevents forwarding on the trunk. For the described design, the recurring risk arises from: the trunk allowed VLAN filter omits VLAN30 despite the VLAN existing on both switches. The specific required safeguard is: version-control trunk allowlists and compare both ends during VLAN additions.
Question 230
Two Cisco switches negotiate trunking, but one interface is hard-set to access mode while the peer is dynamic desirable. The incident evidence is: One side reports trunking while the peer forwards frames as an access port. Which targeted configuration or design change best addresses the failure?
- Configure the port as a static access port in the intended VLAN and disable DTP negotiation where supported.
- Set a compatible explicit trunking mode on the intended switch-to-switch link and use correct VLAN/tagging settings.
- Activate and verify the VLAN in the local VLAN database after ensuring it is approved on the trunk.
- Set the same authorized native VLAN on both ends of the trunk and avoid carrying unrelated user traffic untagged.
Explanation
Correct Answer
B:The required correction is: Set a compatible explicit trunking mode on the intended switch-to-switch link and use correct VLAN/tagging settings. The underlying failure mechanism is: The switchport modes are incompatible for the intended 802.1Q trunk. Verify success by carrying out this direct test: verify operational trunk state and negotiated mode on both interfaces.
Incorrect Answers
A:Configuring the port as a static access port in the intended VLAN and disable DTP negotiation where supported would not set a compatible explicit trunking mode on the intended switch-to-switch link and use correct VLAN/tagging settings.
C:Activating and verifying the VLAN in the local VLAN database after ensuring it is approved on the trunk would not set a compatible explicit trunking mode on the intended switch-to-switch link and use correct VLAN/tagging settings.
D:Setting the same authorized native VLAN on both ends of the trunk and avoid carrying unrelated user traffic untagged would not set a compatible explicit trunking mode on the intended switch-to-switch link and use correct VLAN/tagging settings.
Implementing Cisco Enterprise Network Core Technologies (ENCOR) (350-401) Practice Tests