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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 45

Question 440

A switch in VLAN 30 is STP root, while the redundant distribution router is HSRP active gateway for the same VLAN. Is that inherently an error?

  1. Not inherently; STP root and HSRP active are independent, though alignment may optimize traffic paths.
  2. Yes; STP root must always be HSRP active by the protocol specification.
  3. Yes; HSRP replaces STP and makes the switch root selection impossible.
  4. No; both protocol roles are always irrelevant to traffic efficiency.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Different control protocols select a Layer 2 root and Layer 3 virtual gateway; design may deliberately co-locate them.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Neither protocol automatically forces its election outcome onto the other.

C:

HSRP handles first-hop gateway continuity and does not remove switched-loop protection.

D:

Even if valid, split root/gateway placement may create suboptimal Layer 2 forwarding and should be reviewed.

Question 441

A campus switching team sees the same source MAC address rapidly alternating between Gi1/0/1 and Gi1/0/2 on one VLAN, and broadcasts spike. What fault should be investigated?

  1. Flush the switch MAC table once but leave a bridged physical loop in place, expecting flapping never to recur.
  2. An IPv4 default route with excessive administrative distance.
  3. Increase the MAC aging timer so competing ports retain the same source identity longer without eliminating redundant forwarding loops.
  4. A Layer 2 loop or redundant path not correctly controlled by STP or EtherChannel.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

MAC flapping across ports with broadcast amplification is a classic indication of a switching loop or unstable topology.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Clearing learned entries may momentarily hide symptoms; the physical topology can quickly relearn the same MAC over competing ports.

B:

Routing preference does not normally explain rapid Layer 2 MAC movement between two access links.

C:

Changing aging behavior does not suppress the loop that causes a MAC to move rapidly and broadcast traffic to multiply.

Question 442

After an equipment relocation, a switch still shows an LLDP neighbor on Gi0/8 where the previous device was removed. What should the operator consider before assuming the new cabling is wrong?

  1. Use an old switch inventory to replace the new device’s LLDP chassis ID even though the former LLDP advertisement has aged.
  2. The new device must use the same hostname as the removed one to avoid connectivity failure.
  3. Neighbor information can remain until its LLDP advertisement hold timer ages out; verify with fresh discovery.
  4. LLDP entries never expire until a device is factory reset.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A stale neighbor cache is not conclusive evidence of a live link. Update the table and inspect current interface/neighbor details.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A stored inventory record is not a fresh link-layer neighbor advertisement and cannot verify the current cable attachment.

B:

LLDP name fields are discovery metadata; devices need correct link and IP configurations, not inherited hostnames.

D:

Discovery information generally has an advertised lifetime and can be updated or aged.

Question 443

An organization’s CCNA lab requires one OSPF area only, area 0. An engineer proposes placing one transit interface into area 1 while keeping its adjacent peer in area 0. What is the appropriate response?

  1. Set interface MTU values equal but leave neighboring routers in different OSPF areas on the shared transit link.
  2. Keep adjacent participating interfaces in the required area 0 and verify area consistency.
  3. Use any area ID; OSPF neighbors always form regardless of an area mismatch.
  4. Mark one side of the link passive while leaving its neighbor active in the other area.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF area mismatch prevents normal neighbor formation on a shared link, and introducing area 1 violates the explicit single-area scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Compatible MTUs support later DBD exchange, but the initial area mismatch still prevents a normal neighbor relationship.

C:

The OSPF Hello includes area context and peers need compatible area settings to become neighbors.

D:

A passive interface suppresses Hellos and compounds, rather than solves, the requirement for a working area-0 adjacency.

Question 444

A branch router generates enormous debug-level syslog traffic that overwhelms a small collector. Operators still need warning and error events for outages. Which logging change is best?

  1. Configure a severity threshold to exclude routine debug/info while retaining warning and more severe events.
  2. Disable all remote syslog and keep no critical event history.
  3. Change the remote syslog destination from UDP to TCP without filtering the debug-level volume from the source.
  4. Send only debug messages to the collector and suppress the warning/error severities operations needs.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Syslog severity filtering can reduce low-priority message volume without discarding the fault signals the team needs.

Incorrect Answers

B:

That stops volume but removes the important operational evidence the requirement explicitly preserves.

C:

Transport reliability may improve, but the collector still receives excessive low-severity events under the stated workload.

D:

Reversing severity selection removes critical outage evidence while keeping the noisy traffic that overwhelms the collector.

Question 445

The AAA server logs who issued a network change command, but an intern can still issue commands beyond their duties. Which AAA function needs stronger enforcement?

  1. Accounting only; more detailed logs automatically block dangerous commands.
  2. Time synchronization only; correct timestamps deny unauthorized configuration.
  3. Increase administrator authentication strength but leave every authenticated account fully authorized to run high-risk commands.
  4. Authorization of permitted commands, separate from accounting of what happened.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Accounting records actions after they occur; authorization determines what an authenticated operator may execute.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Logging provides evidence but does not prevent execution if authorization remains broad.

B:

Accurate time helps investigation but does not implement privilege policy.

C:

Stronger login verification does not enforce least-privilege command execution once the user has signed in.

Question 446

A controller exposes 5,000 switches through a REST inventory API but returns at most 100 objects per page. A script needs only active switches at one site. What API approach is efficient and complete?

  1. Increase the browser zoom level until all controller devices are visible.
  2. Use the API’s site filter but process only the first page of matching results when more pages remain.
  3. Use supported server-side filters for site/status and follow pagination links or cursors until exhausted.
  4. Download only the first 100 results and declare the inventory complete.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Filtering reduces response volume, and pagination prevents silently missing devices beyond the first page.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Display scaling does not change REST pagination limits or server-side result sets.

B:

A filtered response can still be paginated; omitting continuation cursors silently misses legitimate in-scope managed devices.

D:

A capped response cannot prove the remaining 4,900 objects do not contain matching active site devices.

Question 447

An IP route to a server network appears in show ip route, but ping from the management subnet fails. A router ACL denies ICMP. What should the technician conclude?

  1. Deleting the entire routing table is the only way to remove the ACL denial.
  2. Route installation proves a selected path exists, not that an ACL permits ICMP echo/replies.
  3. An installed route guarantees all applications and ICMP are permitted.
  4. The router cannot route unicast packets if a single ICMP test fails.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Forwarding can be independently blocked by access policy even when destination reachability appears in the routing table.

Incorrect Answers

A:

ACL policy should be examined and changed as authorized, without destroying otherwise valid routes.

C:

Route presence does not override security ACL filters or remote host service behavior.

D:

ICMP may be filtered while TCP or other authorized protocols still use the route correctly.

Question 448

An optical Ethernet link connects an SX 850-nm transceiver at one end and an LX 1310-nm module at the other. Link stays down despite matching speed configuration. What physical issue is most likely?

  1. Incompatible optical transceiver wavelength/media specifications across the link.
  2. Set both transceivers to forced full duplex but leave their incompatible optical wavelength specifications unchanged.
  3. Change the transceiver connector type in inventory while retaining SX-versus-LX optical modules on incompatible media.
  4. Replace one fiber patch lead without verifying that the transceiver wavelength and fiber type match end to end.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Optical endpoints must use compatible wavelength and fiber parameters; electrical speed settings cannot compensate for mismatch.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Duplex adjustment cannot make an 850-nm transmitter compatible with a remote optical receiver designed for another wavelength.

C:

Management metadata does not alter actual optical power, wavelength or fiber interface requirements for carrier formation.

D:

A healthy cable alone may not establish link when optical modules have incompatible physical-layer signaling parameters.

Question 449

An AP broadcasts a Staff SSID mapped to VLAN 110. Clients can associate but cannot reach the VLAN 110 gateway. The AP uplink is a trunk whose allowed VLAN list omits 110. What is the direct fix?

  1. Change the WLAN SSID name to 110 while leaving trunk filters untouched.
  2. Map the SSID to VLAN 110 on the controller but leave VLAN 110 missing from the AP uplink trunk allowed list.
  3. Increase the access point antenna power until clients can reach their gateway.
  4. Allow VLAN 110 on the AP-to-switch trunk after validating its intended segmentation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Tagged client frames for an omitted VLAN cannot cross the trunk to their routed gateway.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The SSID label does not alter the switch’s allowed 802.1Q VLAN list.

B:

Correct wireless mapping is not sufficient if the wired 802.1Q path still prunes the client VLAN.

C:

Association RF strength cannot repair VLAN 110 being pruned on the wired uplink.

Question 450

A network engineer intentionally exports a configuration containing administrator credentials to a personal mailbox, violating policy. A colleague accidentally leaves an ACL too broad while troubleshooting. What security distinction fits?

  1. The ACL error is necessarily malicious because every network misconfiguration is intentional.
  2. Classify the unauthorized credential export as an accidental change-control typo because it was performed by a normal employee.
  3. The export illustrates an intentional insider threat; the broad ACL illustrates accidental misconfiguration risk.
  4. Treat the accidental broad permit as deliberate exfiltration without establishing intent or any actual information transfer.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Intentional misuse by someone with authorized access is different from unintentional configuration error, though both can harm security.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Operational mistakes can occur without hostile intent; investigation should distinguish negligence from abuse.

B:

The person’s role does not change the intent described; knowingly exporting privileged secrets outside policy is intentional insider misuse.

D:

A broad ACL can create exposure through operator mistake; the scenario supplies intentional behavior only for the separate credential export.


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