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166 Questions & Answers

Last Update: Sep 26, 2026

$89.99

Microsoft AI-901 Exam Bundle gives you unlimited access to "AI-901" files. However, this does not replace the need for a .vce exam simulator. To download your .vce exam simulator click here

Microsoft AI-901 Practice Test 3

Question 20

A generative tool assembles a shell command from a customer message. An attacker includes special characters intended to delete files. Which safeguard applies?

  1. Add a strict system instruction to reject destructive commands, but continue executing shell strings assembled from customer text.
  2. Apply a keyword blacklist to the generated shell text but permit arbitrary command structure.
  3. Keep natural-language content out of executable syntax; validate typed parameters against an allowlisted operation.
  4. Execute the model's command whenever it has generated valid-looking shell syntax.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Untrusted customer text should remain data, never executable command syntax. A narrow allowlisted tool with validated parameters and independent permission checks prevents special characters from changing the operation performed on the host.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A system instruction is useful guidance, but an injection can still produce executable shell metacharacters when arbitrary strings run with the tool privilege. A typed, allowlisted operation enforced outside the model is needed to constrain execution.

B:

Keyword blacklists are fragile because dangerous operations can be expressed using quoting, substitutions and alternate syntax. Restricting the available command operations and validating typed parameters is a stronger execution boundary.

D:

Syntactically well-formed shell commands can still delete files or access unauthorized paths. Valid syntax says nothing about the caller’s intent, allowed scope or business authorization.

Question 21

An Azure AI customer service app reports 99.99% endpoint uptime but often provides wrong return-policy answers. What additional operational quality measure is needed?

  1. Track evidence-grounded factual correctness and unsafe-answer or escalation rates using representative cases.
  2. Score only source retrieval uptime without checking whether retrieved passages support the final answer.
  3. Track only response time and HTTP success rates, excluding errors in the policy statements returned.
  4. Use the count of conversations with a generated answer as the task-success metric.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

An available HTTP endpoint can return a plausible but factually wrong refund limit on every request. Testing answers against approved, effective policy text and monitoring unsafe or escalated cases directly measures the failure customers are reporting.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A search service that is online can still retrieve irrelevant or superseded policy paragraphs. Retrieval uptime says nothing about whether the final generated answer faithfully reflects the controlling return procedure.

C:

Low response latency and a successful HTTP status indicate transport and compute health, not that the refunded amount or time window matches the approved return rule. Operational quality must test the business claim.

D:

Counting answered conversations rewards a bot for replying even when it invents return restrictions. Task success requires verified policy correctness or an honest escalation when the source cannot support a decision.

Question 22

An HR summarization agent connects to payroll records using a privileged service identity. Ordinary employees can now ask it for executives' salaries. What should be changed?

  1. Apply the requesting employee's effective record permissions before any payroll content enters model context.
  2. Retrieve all salaries first, then remove restricted names only from the final message.
  3. Add a sentence to the prompt telling the assistant not to reveal salaries.
  4. Return the salary when the question includes the executive's correct full name.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The service identity may have broad payroll rights for operational reasons, but the employee asking the question does not inherit them. Effective record permissions must be evaluated before retrieving any salary into the model prompt or logs.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Removing a name from the final message is too late: confidential compensation has already been retrieved and potentially entered context, traces or intermediate output. Access enforcement belongs before retrieval, not only presentation.

C:

System wording can guide the assistant but cannot reliably enforce record-level payroll authorization under a privileged backend identity. A malicious request or model error can bypass natural-language caution.

D:

Knowledge of an executive’s legal name is not a role assignment or permission check. The confidentiality boundary depends on the signed-in employee’s effective rights to the specific record.

Question 23

An internal search index stores contracts for customers A and B. A user from tenant A receives a snippet containing tenant B's contract terms. What is the required remedy?

  1. Hide the contract title in the chat response but leave its contents in the retrieved prompt.
  2. Increase vector similarity thresholds until tenant B results appear less often.
  3. Filter search results by the visible document title only, without checking the tenant ownership of each returned content chunk.
  4. Enforce tenant-specific access filters before retrieval results are passed to the model.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

The retrieval query must enforce tenant ownership or equivalent document ACLs before returning results to the model. That prevents tenant B’s clause text from becoming context for tenant A’s request.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Hiding the contract title merely changes display text. The confidential terms from tenant B may still influence the generated answer or be copied into trace data after the unauthorized retrieval.

B:

Higher similarity thresholds change which documents rank well but do not recognize tenant ownership. A very relevant tenant-B contract remains forbidden to tenant-A regardless of semantic distance.

C:

Title filtering is not a security boundary because indexed chunks can carry private tenant-B clauses under a generic or duplicate title. Enforce tenant or document ACLs at retrieval on each result before the content reaches the model.

Question 24

A developer places a production AI service API key inside a reusable system prompt stored in a team repository. Which security change should be made?

  1. Remove the key from prompts and source files, rotate the exposed credential, and use managed identity or protected secret storage.
  2. Obfuscate the key with a reversible string transformation and keep it in the prompt.
  3. Move the key into a team-only configuration file committed to the same repository, relying solely on repository read restrictions.
  4. Ask the model not to repeat the key while continuing to supply it on every request.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Because the real key was committed to a shared prompt repository, it should be regarded as exposed, removed and rotated. A workload identity or properly restricted secrets store keeps credentials out of generated content and source history.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Reversible encoding only changes representation of the same secret. Anyone who reads the prompt can decode it, and an LLM may reproduce encoded data even if told not to reveal plaintext.

C:

Keeping the actual credential in versioned repository history preserves the original exposure risk, even if the file is less visible to users. Revoke and rotate the leaked key, then use managed identity or dedicated secret storage outside shared model prompts and source history.

D:

Instructions asking a model to protect its prompt cannot guarantee secrecy when the credential is included as input. The correct boundary removes the key entirely from model context and uses authorized server-side authentication.

Question 25

A hospital uses text analysis to classify patient phone transcripts. The pipeline stores the original complete transcripts indefinitely, although only case labels are required. What should be defined?

  1. Retain everything because storage costs are inexpensive.
  2. Purpose-specific data minimization, restricted retention and deletion rules for source transcripts.
  3. Remove the classification labels while retaining original patient identities.
  4. Keep encrypted complete transcripts indefinitely for future debugging, even though the approved analytics task needs only case labels.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The hospital should specify which transcript contents are necessary, how long they are retained, who may access them and how deletion occurs. It can often keep the authorized minimal case label without keeping full identifiable audio-derived text forever.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Inexpensive storage is a financial observation, not a lawful or business justification for indefinite retention of sensitive medical conversations. The raw transcripts can contain more personal information than the classification task needs.

C:

Deleting useful routed case labels while retaining patient identities and complete transcripts preserves the most sensitive source material. That reverses the data-minimization purpose of this workflow.

D:

Encryption protects some storage threats but does not establish an indefinite business purpose, retention period, or least-privilege access. Unnecessary full transcripts still increase privacy exposure compared with limited, purpose-specific retained records.

Question 26

A public-facing legal guidance assistant has access to internal attorney memos and a published legal-information page. It cites a confidential memo in a customer answer. Select TWO safeguards required in this scenario.

  1. Apply document publication classification and verify citation targets against that classification.
  2. Give anonymous users the same retrieval identity as internal attorneys to simplify searching.
  3. Retrieve the confidential memo and remove only its filename from the displayed citation.
  4. Restrict grounding to sources authorized for the public recipient before building model context.
  5. Trust the model to infer which legal documents should remain privileged.

Explanation

Correct Answers

A:

Citation approval must take account of the recipient’s publication boundary: a public answer can cite public legal-information pages, not internal attorney memoranda. Source identity and classification should be checked before displaying links.

D:

Filtering source passages by the public recipient’s rights before the model sees them prevents private legal materials from shaping a customer answer. This is an enforceable grounding boundary rather than a cosmetic citation change.

Incorrect Answers

B:

An attorney-privileged search account can access private memos that an anonymous visitor is not entitled to see. Reusing it for public traffic makes confidential text retrievable and defeats the service’s legal-document separation.

C:

Stripping the memo filename does not remove the privileged advice itself. The model might paraphrase its conclusions or intermediate traces may preserve the restricted clauses after retrieval.

E:

A model’s guess about which materials are confidential can be wrong, particularly when similar subjects appear in public and internal documents. Document-level policy needs deterministic enforcement by the retrieval layer.

Question 27

A retail AI team wants to train an image classifier on customer-submitted photographs that were collected only for resolving damaged-item returns. What must be resolved before training?

  1. Reduce image resolution and assume the reuse is automatically authorized.
  2. Check the lawful data-use basis and customer permissions for the new training purpose.
  3. Add a prompt that tells the model not to identify customers after training.
  4. Train immediately because uploading the photos transferred unlimited rights to the retailer.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Images supplied to resolve individual damaged-product returns were not necessarily licensed for a separate training purpose. The retailer must establish the permitted legal and contractual basis, intended scope and any required customer permissions first.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Downsampling an image can reduce pixel detail but does not change why the photo was collected or grant permission to reuse it for model training. Personal and context-sensitive material can remain identifiable even at lower resolution.

C:

A prompt instruction on a deployed model cannot retroactively authorize ingesting a customer photograph during training. Training-data governance is decided before model fitting, not by a later output restriction.

D:

Uploading a photo for a specific support case does not imply unlimited transfer of rights. The new training use must be justified independently of possession of the file.

Question 28

A reporting agent generates a SQL query that joins ordinary sales rows to a restricted payroll table. The signed-in user is a sales analyst. What should the execution layer do?

  1. Run the join under a global database administrator and filter salary columns from the rendered chart.
  2. Validate the generated query against the user's allowed tables and rows and reject the restricted join.
  3. Disable query audit logs so the agent can answer more quickly.
  4. Approve the query whenever the AI explanation says the join is necessary.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Generated SQL is untrusted input regardless of how fluent the agent sounds. The query executor must validate user-specific table, row and operation permissions and reject the payroll join before issuing it.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The database administrator may retrieve confidential salary columns that the signed-in sales analyst cannot access. Hiding those columns from a rendered chart happens only after unauthorized data has already been processed.

C:

Disabling audit logs removes evidence of attempted cross-boundary queries and makes investigation harder. It cannot fix a privilege escalation or prevent restricted records from being returned.

D:

A model may state that payroll data is necessary but it cannot grant payroll entitlements to a sales analyst. Actual identity and database policy, not natural-language rationale, determine query authorization.

Question 29

A voice support bot records the full audio of every call but only needs short text transcripts to route routine inquiries. Which privacy practice is appropriate?

  1. Encrypt every call recording and retain the raw audio indefinitely, even after the routing transcript fulfills the documented purpose.
  2. Define a lawful minimum-retention policy and avoid retaining raw recordings when no purpose requires them.
  3. Erase every routing result but keep the customer's entire raw audio history.
  4. Keep audio for future voice-model training by default, without establishing a separate authorized training purpose or retention period.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The app needs transcripts or routing outcomes, not necessarily permanent copies of the underlying voice waveform. Defining a permitted retention interval and deleting unnecessary recordings reduces exposure while preserving the task output.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Encryption reduces exposure during storage, but indefinite source-audio retention remains unnecessary for the task. Privacy also requires an approved purpose, expiration and deletion rules.

C:

Removing the minimal routing result but keeping the complete conversation discards the least sensitive useful record and retains the high-risk one. That does not align storage with the stated business purpose.

D:

An assumed future training benefit does not authorize repurposing customer calls or indefinite storage. The pipeline must establish a valid use basis and minimize retained recordings.

Question 30

A customer-facing AI app prints bank-account values into diagnostic logs whenever a model response is generated. What should the observability design change?

  1. Retain the full bank-account numbers in the diagnostic logs but reduce the retention period from 30 days to one day.
  2. Keep account numbers because log storage is encrypted at rest and therefore all access is safe.
  3. Turn on full prompt and response capture for all staff to inspect.
  4. Redact sensitive account fields while retaining authorized correlation IDs, error status and minimal metadata.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Masking account numbers protects customers while trace identifiers, timestamps and typed errors still let engineers correlate failed requests. Role-scoped diagnostics solve the observability need without duplicating banking secrets.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Reducing retention can reduce the exposure window, but the sensitive account digits still appear in operational logs available to staff and systems during that day. Mask the account fields before logging while retaining non-sensitive diagnostics.

B:

Encryption at rest protects one storage property but does not ensure everyone with log access has a need to see account details. Broad permissions, long retention and trace export can still expose the identifiers.

C:

Capturing every prompt and response for all staff increases the number of stores containing sensitive bank values. Unless explicitly authorized and minimized, full-content logging is unnecessary to troubleshoot ordinary API failures.


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