Salesforce CRT-450 Exam Dumps & Practice Test Questions

Question 1:

Which of the following Apex statements will cause a compiler error?

A. Map<Id, Lead> lmap = new Map<Id, Lead>([Select ID from Lead Limit 8]);
B. Date d1 = Date.Today(), d2 = Date.ValueOf('2018-01-01');
C. Integer a = 5, b = 6, c, d = 7;
D. List<String> s = List<String>{'a', 'b', 'c');

Correct Answer: D

Explanation:

In Apex programming, the syntax must be exact for code to compile successfully. Let’s analyze each statement for correctness:

Option A creates a map using a SOQL query to fetch Lead records limited to 8. The syntax here is correct: the SOQL query is properly formatted, and the map initialization from the query results is valid. This statement compiles without errors.

Option B declares two Date variables in one line, initializing d1 with today’s date using Date.Today(), and d2 with a specific date using Date.ValueOf(). Declaring multiple variables separated by commas is allowed in Apex, and the date format provided is valid ISO 8601 (YYYY-MM-DD). This statement is syntactically correct.

Option C declares multiple Integer variables on the same line, initializing some (a, b, d) and leaving c uninitialized. Apex permits multiple variable declarations like this. This is valid syntax and won’t cause compilation errors.

Option D attempts to initialize a list of strings but incorrectly uses a closing parenthesis ) instead of the required closing curly brace } to end the list initialization. The correct syntax should be List<String> s = List<String>{'a', 'b', 'c'};. This mismatched bracket causes a syntax error, leading to an Apex compiler error.

In conclusion, option D is the only statement that will fail to compile due to improper use of the closing bracket during list initialization. Correct syntax and proper bracket matching are essential for Apex code to compile successfully.

Question 2:

Which two benefits accurately describe the Lightning Component framework? (Select two)

A. It simplifies complexity only when building pages, not applications.
B. It uses an event-driven architecture that enhances decoupling between components.
C. It accelerates development by providing reusable out-of-the-box components optimized for desktop and mobile.
D. It improves PDF generation speed using Lightning components.

Correct Answer: B, C

Explanation:

The Lightning Component framework is a modern development framework within Salesforce designed to facilitate building dynamic, responsive web apps and components for both desktop and mobile users. Understanding its key benefits helps developers leverage its full potential.

Option B highlights the event-driven architecture of the framework. This architecture is fundamental because it allows components to communicate via events rather than direct method calls. This decoupling means that components are loosely connected, increasing modularity and maintainability. When one component triggers an event, others listening to that event can react independently. This reduces dependencies and makes applications easier to update and extend without breaking existing functionality.

Option C focuses on the availability of reusable out-of-the-box components. Salesforce provides a rich library of pre-built components tailored for multiple device types, which developers can easily customize and incorporate into applications. This approach significantly speeds up the development lifecycle by reducing the need to build common UI elements from scratch, making it possible to deliver applications rapidly while ensuring a consistent user experience across desktop and mobile devices.

Option A is incorrect because the framework is not limited to simplifying only pages. Instead, it simplifies the creation of entire applications with a modular component-based approach, helping developers build scalable and maintainable apps.

Option D is inaccurate since PDF generation speed is unrelated to Lightning Component framework capabilities. PDF rendering is typically handled via other Salesforce technologies like Visualforce or external services, not through Lightning Components.

In summary, options B and C correctly capture the core benefits of the Lightning Component framework: an event-driven architecture enabling loose coupling, and faster development enabled by reusable components for cross-platform use.

Question 3:

When given a list of generic sObjects, what is the recommended method for a developer to determine the exact sObject type (such as Account, Lead, or Contact) for proper casting?

A. Identify the sObject type by examining the first three characters of the sObject’s ID.
B. Call the getSObjectType method on each generic sObject to get the sObject token.
C. Use the getSObjectName method on the sObject class to retrieve the sObject’s API name.
D. Attempt to cast the sObject to the specific types within a try-catch block to handle errors.

Correct answer: B

Explanation:

When working with generic sObjects in Salesforce Apex, it’s important to correctly identify the underlying object type before performing type-specific operations. Salesforce provides methods to facilitate this, but choosing the best approach affects code robustness and performance.

Option B is the correct and most efficient method. The getSObjectType() method, when called on an sObject instance, returns an SObjectType token that precisely identifies the type of the sObject. This token can be compared to known object types such as Account.sObjectType or Lead.sObjectType. Using this method ensures accurate type detection without relying on less reliable data.

Option A, which suggests using the first three characters of the sObject ID to determine the type, is discouraged because the record ID might not always be available or could be truncated. The first three characters correspond to the key prefix for the Salesforce object, but this method is brittle and error-prone in dynamic or bulk scenarios.

Option C involves using getSObjectName(), which returns the API name of the object as a string. While this might help identify the object type, string comparison is less efficient and more error-prone than using the dedicated getSObjectType() token method, especially in complex codebases.

Option D suggests using a try-catch block to cast objects until the correct type is found. This approach is inefficient and considered poor practice due to the performance costs of exception handling and the complexity it adds.

In conclusion, getSObjectType() is designed for this exact purpose and provides a clean, performant, and reliable way to identify and cast generic sObjects correctly. It fits well within the Salesforce Apex framework and helps avoid potential errors in processing mixed-type collections.

Question 4:

Which Salesforce tool is best suited for automating the submission of Case records into an Approval Process without requiring custom code?

A. Assignment Rule
B. Scheduled Apex
C. Process Builder
D. Workflow Rule

Correct answer: C

Explanation:

For automating the submission of Case records to an Approval Process, Process Builder is the ideal choice among Salesforce’s declarative automation tools. It is designed to evaluate criteria and trigger complex actions, including sending records into approval flows, all without writing code.

Process Builder allows an admin or developer to set up a trigger based on specific conditions—such as changes in Case status or priority—and then automatically submit those Cases to an Approval Process. This declarative tool is user-friendly, visually intuitive, and integrates directly with approval processes.

Looking at the other options:

• A (Assignment Rule): Assignment Rules are used to automatically assign records (like Cases or Leads) to users or queues based on criteria. They cannot submit records to approval processes, so they are not applicable here.

• B (Scheduled Apex): Scheduled Apex is a coding solution that runs Apex code at specified times. While it could be programmed to submit Cases to approval, it requires development effort and maintenance, making it less efficient and more complex than declarative tools.

• D (Workflow Rule): Workflow Rules automate simple actions such as field updates, email alerts, or task creation but cannot submit records to approval processes. Their functionality is more limited compared to Process Builder.

Process Builder, therefore, offers the perfect balance of power and simplicity. It enables automation of approval submissions without code, supports complex decision criteria, and integrates seamlessly with Salesforce’s approval mechanism. This makes it the preferred solution for automatically submitting Cases into Approval Processes.

Question 5:

A sales representative wants to quickly identify how many discounted items are included within the Quote Line Items when viewing a Quote. 

What approach should a developer take to fulfill this need?

A. Write a trigger on the Quote object that queries the Quantity of discounted Quote Line Items.
B. Implement a Workflow Rule on the Quote Line Item object to update a field on the parent Quote whenever an item is discounted.
C. Create a roll-up summary field on the Quote object that sums the Quantity field of Quote Line Items filtered by discounted items only.
D. Develop a formula field on the Quote object that sums the Quantity of discounted Quote Line Items.

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

To enable a sales rep to see the total number of discounted items directly on a Quote, the developer must choose a solution that effectively aggregates data from the related Quote Line Items and filters specifically for those that are discounted.

Option A suggests writing a trigger on the Quote object to query the Quantity field of discounted line items. While technically possible, this adds unnecessary complexity. Triggers require custom Apex code, which can complicate maintenance and impact system performance. Additionally, triggers don’t inherently provide native aggregation capabilities, so extra logic would be needed to keep the count accurate.

Option B proposes a Workflow Rule on Quote Line Items that updates a field on the parent Quote when an item is discounted. Although workflows automate field updates, they do not inherently perform aggregate calculations such as summing quantities across multiple child records. This approach would require additional fields and logic to track quantities, making it more complicated and error-prone.

Option C recommends creating a roll-up summary field on the Quote object. This is the best solution because roll-up summary fields are designed specifically for summarizing data from child records. Salesforce allows filtering the child records based on criteria — here, only discounted Quote Line Items — and then sums the Quantity field. This provides an automatic, real-time aggregation without code, making it both efficient and reliable.

Option D suggests using a formula field to sum quantities of discounted items. However, formula fields cannot aggregate related records’ data. They work within a single record context, so this solution cannot produce the required sum of related Quote Line Items.

Overall, creating a roll-up summary field (Option C) is the most streamlined, maintainable, and Salesforce-native method to meet the requirement of displaying the count of discounted items in a Quote.

Question 6:

While writing a test class that covers an OpportunityLineItem trigger, a developer needs to access the standard price book in the Salesforce org. 

Which method allows the developer to obtain access to the standard price book?

A. Call Test.getStandardPricebookId() to retrieve the standard price book ID.
B. Use @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) and delete the existing standard price book.
C. Use Test.loadData() and a Static Resource to load the standard price book data.
D. Use @TestVisible to expose the standard price book to the test method.

Correct Answer: A

Explanation:

In Salesforce, test classes run in isolated environments that don’t have access to most real org data by default. This ensures tests don’t depend on the actual data state, improving reliability and consistency. However, when testing functionality related to OpportunityLineItems, which depend on price books, developers need a way to reference the standard price book without violating test data isolation.

Option A — using Test.getStandardPricebookId() — is the recommended and most efficient way. This built-in method returns the ID of the standard price book within the test context. It allows developers to reference the standard price book directly, without the need for creating or manipulating data records manually. This method preserves test isolation while enabling meaningful tests involving price books.

Option B involves annotating the test with @IsTest(SeeAllData=true) to access live org data and then deleting the existing standard price book. This is not a best practice because SeeAllData=true breaks test isolation, leading to unreliable and environment-dependent tests. Deleting core data like the standard price book is risky and can cause unexpected failures.

Option C suggests using Test.loadData() with Static Resources to load price book data. While technically possible, this approach is unnecessarily complex for accessing standard Salesforce objects like the price book. It requires extra setup and maintenance and is less straightforward than using the dedicated Test method.

Option D involves using @TestVisible. This annotation is meant to expose private methods or variables to test classes; it does not grant access to actual Salesforce data or records. It cannot be used to expose the standard price book data.

In conclusion, Test.getStandardPricebookId() (Option A) is the cleanest, most reliable, and Salesforce-approved way to access the standard price book in test classes, ensuring your OpportunityLineItem trigger tests run correctly and consistently.

Question 7:

Which two Apex data types are suitable for dynamically referencing a Salesforce record ID? (Select two.)

A. ENUM
B. sObject
C. External ID
D. String

Correct Answer: B, D

Explanation:

In Salesforce Apex programming, when you need to dynamically reference a record ID, two data types stand out as the most appropriate: sObject and String.

An sObject is a core data type in Salesforce that acts as a generic container for any Salesforce object record, such as Account, Contact, or any custom object. Each sObject instance inherently contains the record’s unique identifier, accessible via the Id field. When working with sObjects, you can easily reference the record ID dynamically by accessing this field, making sObjects very flexible for manipulating records programmatically. For example, when you query records, the sObject instances returned include the IDs, which you can then use to perform further actions.

The String data type also plays a crucial role because Salesforce record IDs are essentially unique alphanumeric strings of either 15 or 18 characters. You can store these IDs in a String variable and pass them around dynamically in your code, such as in SOQL queries or DML operations. This is especially useful when the actual record object is not required, but the ID itself needs to be referenced or transmitted.

The other options are not applicable here. ENUM defines a fixed set of named constants and is used for categorizing or representing fixed values, such as Opportunity stages. It is not designed to hold record IDs. Meanwhile, External ID is a special type of field used to uniquely identify records from external systems for integration purposes; it is a field type, not an Apex data type, and does not represent the record ID dynamically in Apex code.

Therefore, the correct answers are sObject and String because they enable dynamic referencing and manipulation of Salesforce record IDs in Apex code.

Question 8:

Within the Developer Console’s log inspector, where can a developer find detailed information about the time each process consumes during a transaction?

A. Performance Tree tab under the Stack Tree panel
B. Execution Tree tab under the Stack Tree panel
C. Timeline tab under the Execution Overview panel
D. Save Order tab under the Execution Overview panel

Correct Answer: C

Explanation:

Salesforce’s Developer Console provides developers with a powerful log inspector tool to analyze detailed execution logs of transactions. When troubleshooting or optimizing code, understanding how much time each process or step takes within a transaction is essential. This allows developers to pinpoint performance bottlenecks or inefficient operations.

Among the various tabs in the Developer Console, the Timeline tab under the Execution Overview panel is specifically designed to offer a clear, visual representation of the time spent by different processes throughout the lifecycle of a transaction. It shows an ordered sequence of operations like SOQL queries, DML statements, triggers, and other Apex processes with precise timing information, which helps developers quickly assess which parts are consuming the most time.

The Performance Tree tab shows a breakdown of the transaction’s activities but does not provide a detailed timing view for each process. Similarly, the Execution Tree tab organizes operations hierarchically based on call stacks and execution flow but lacks a clear, consolidated time measurement display. The Save Order tab pertains to the sequence in which records are saved during the transaction and does not provide timing insights.

Therefore, the Timeline tab is the best choice for identifying how much time each process consumes in a transaction, making it an indispensable feature for performance analysis and optimization in Salesforce development.

Question 9:

Which two features of the platform correspond to the Controller component in the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture? (Select two.)

A. Process Builder actions
B. Workflow rules
C. Standard objects
D. Date fields

Correct Answer: A, B

Explanation:

The MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern divides an application into three interconnected parts to separate internal representations of information from the ways information is presented and accepted by the user. Specifically, the Controller acts as an intermediary that processes user input, manipulates data, and determines the appropriate response or output.

In the context of Salesforce, understanding which platform features align with the Controller component helps clarify how data flows through the system.

Process Builder actions (A) are a key automation tool that triggers actions based on system events or data changes. They manage workflows such as record creation, field updates, or sending notifications. Because Process Builder orchestrates how data changes are handled and triggers system responses, it fits squarely into the Controller’s role of managing application logic and controlling data processing flow.

Similarly, Workflow rules (B) automate business processes based on criteria. These rules trigger automated actions like email alerts, task creation, or field updates when specific conditions are met. This ability to apply business logic and manipulate data directly reflects the Controller’s responsibility to interpret inputs and update the system accordingly.

On the other hand, Standard objects (C) represent the Model, as they store the core data and business logic but do not control how data is processed. They form the database layer holding information but don’t handle user inputs or trigger actions.

Likewise, Date fields (D) are merely data attributes within the Model; they hold specific information but do not execute any control logic.

Thus, Process Builder actions and Workflow rules are both active components that handle business logic and data flow, aligning with the Controller function in the MVC framework.

Question 10:

Which two Salesforce sandbox environments are suitable for testing when the integration requires about 2 GB of test data? (Choose two.)

A. Developer Sandbox
B. Full Sandbox
C. Developer Edition
D. Partial Sandbox
E. Developer Pro Sandbox

Correct Answers: A, E

Explanation:

Selecting the right sandbox environment for testing is critical, especially when the test involves a specific amount of data. Here, the integration test requires about 2 GB of data storage, which influences the suitability of various Salesforce sandbox environments.

A Developer Sandbox (A) is mainly intended for development and initial testing with limited storage capacity—typically around 200 MB of data and 1 GB of file storage. Although its storage is limited, this environment supports isolated testing and development, which can be sufficient for many smaller tests or iterative development tasks.

The Full Sandbox (B) mirrors the entire production environment, including all data and metadata, making it ideal for large-scale testing, staging, or training scenarios. While it definitely meets the 2 GB storage requirement, it is often excessive for integration tests that don’t require full production data. Using Full Sandbox may also lead to longer refresh cycles and more resource consumption.

Developer Edition (C) offers a free, standalone Salesforce environment but with very limited storage—only a few megabytes—which is insufficient for tests needing several gigabytes of data.

Partial Sandbox (D) contains a subset of production data, typically up to 5 GB, making it suitable for some integration tests. However, depending on the nature of the integration and data subset, it may not be as flexible or optimized as other options.

The Developer Pro Sandbox (E) is specifically designed for developers and testers needing more data storage than the standard Developer Sandbox. It provides up to 1 GB of data storage and 1 GB of file storage, with options to expand, making it a solid choice for testing scenarios requiring around 2 GB.

In conclusion, the Developer Sandbox (A) is suitable for controlled, smaller-scale development and testing, while the Developer Pro Sandbox (E) offers enhanced capacity for larger test data needs, making these two the best fits for the scenario.